Psychology of early Sufi samāʻ [electronic resource] : listening and altered states / Kenneth S. Avery.

Introduction
Samāʻ in early Sufi literature: an overview
The language of samāʻ and other key concepts
The psychology of samāʻ part 1
The psychology of samāʻ part 2
The psychology of samāʻ according to the Sufi writers
The Sufis' explanations of their altered state experiences
The ritual behaviour and etiquette of samāʻ
The paradigmatic experience of two 'ecstatics', Nūrī and Shiblī
Conclusions.