Foreword; Preface; References; Contents; Editors and Contributors; HIV and Rural Communities; 1 Case Study: Georgia's Rural Versus Non-rural Populations; Background; The HIV Care Continuum; HIV Care Continuum by Eligible Metropolitan Area (EMA) Versus Non-EMA; Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCC) Analysis; Limitations; HIV Outcomes in Rural Georgia; Racial Disparity; Stigma; Internalized Homonegativity; Denial and Social Isolation; Injection Drug Use; HIV Workforce; Solutions; Extending the Reach of HIV Professionals; Targeted Partner Services; Social Media; Faith-Based Institution Outreach

ConclusionReferences; 2 More than Our Share: The Unchecked HIV/AIDS Crisis in Mississippi; Introduction; Barriers to Curbing HIV in Mississippi; Mississippi's Unique Challenges; Advocates and Champions; Outlook; Conclusion; References; HIV Disease and Primary Care; 3 HIV/AIDS: The Last 30-Plus Years; Origin and Early History of HIV/AIDS; Stigma and Discrimination; Policy and Advocacy Responses to HIV/AIDS; Populations Affected by HIV/AIDS in the Past 30 Years; Evolution of HIV Testing and Treatment; Research-Based Solutions to Address the HIV Epidemic; Lessons Learned and Future Directions

ConclusionReferences; 4 HIV Medications: Why They Work and Why They Fail; References; 5 HIV Prevention: Treatment as Prevention (TasP), Occupational Postexposure Prophylaxis (oPEP), Nonoccupational Postexposure Prophylaxis (nPEP), and Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP); Introduction: A Brief History of HIV Prevention in the U.S.; The Current State of Affairs: An Epidemiological Profile of HIV in the U.S; HIV Prevention in Rural Communities; Treatment as Prevention (TasP); Occupational Postexposure Prophylaxis (oPEP); Nonoccupational Postexposure Prophylaxis (nPEP)

Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)Conclusion: Future Direction for HIV Research, Interventions, and Policy; References; 6 Pediatric/Adolescent HIV: Legal and Ethical Issues; Introduction; Legal Considerations for Pediatric/Adolescent HIV Treatment and Research; Federal Laws; State Laws; Ethical Considerations for Pediatric/Adolescent HIV Treatment and Research; Confidentiality; Disclosure; Informed Consent; Cultural Competence; Legal and Ethical Decision-Making Related to Pediatric/Adolescent HIV Treatment and Research; Conclusion; Acknowledgements; References

7 Catastrophic Consequences: The Link Between Rural Opioid Use and HIV/AIDSIntroduction; Prevalence of Rural Opioid Abuse and HIV; Prevalence of Rural Opioid Use and User Characteristics; Prevalence of HIV Among Rural Opioid Users; High-Risk Injection Drug Use Practices; Risk of HIV Transmission from Sexual Behaviors; Social Networks as a Risk Factor for Virus Transmission; Lower Perceived Risk Among Rural Persons; HIV and Opioid Treatment; Availability of Opioid Treatment; Quality of HIV Care for Rural Persons Who Inject Drugs; Barriers to Treatment; Travel and Distance Barriers