Foreword; Acknowledgements; Contents; About the Editor; 1 Graphene Oxide: Synthesis and Characterization; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Synthesis of Graphene Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide; 1.2.1 Oxidation of Graphite; 1.2.1.1 Broodie's Method; 1.2.1.2 Hummer's Method; 1.2.1.3 Tour's Method; 1.2.2 Exfoliation of Graphene Oxide; 1.2.2.1 Chemical Exfoliation of Graphene Oxide; 1.2.2.2 Thermal Exfoliation of Graphene Oxide; 1.2.3 Reduction of Graphene Oxide; 1.2.3.1 Thermal Annealing; 1.2.3.2 Reduction Using High-Energy Radiations; 1.2.3.3 Chemical Reduction of Graphene Oxide

1.3 Characterizations of Graphene Oxide1.4 Conclusion; References; 2 Wear Behavior of Composites and Nanocomposites: A New Approach; 2.1 Wear; 2.2 Types of Wear; 2.2.1 Adhesive Wear; 2.2.2 Abrasive Wear; 2.2.3 Corrosive Wear; 2.2.4 Fatigue Wear; 2.2.4.1 Rolling Contact; 2.2.4.2 Sliding Contact; 2.3 Analysis of Wear Debris; 2.4 Composites and Nanocomposites; 2.4.1 Classification of Composites; 2.4.1.1 Polymer Matrix Composites (PMCs); 2.4.1.2 Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs); 2.4.1.3 Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs); 2.4.2 Advantages of Composites; 2.4.3 Limitations of Composites

2.5 Wear of Metals, Ceramics and Polymers2.5.1 Wear of Metals; 2.5.2 Wear of Ceramics; 2.5.3 Wear of Polymers; 2.6 Factors Affecting Reduction of Wear; 2.7 Wear Behavior of Fe-Al2O3 Metal Matrix Nanocomposites; References; 3 Nanoparticles as Targeted Drug Delivery Agents: Synthesis, Mechanism and Applications; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Targeted Drug Delivery; 3.3 Significance of Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery; 3.4 Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Platforms; 3.4.1 Liposomes; 3.4.2 Dendrimers; 3.4.3 Magnetic Nanoparticles; 3.4.4 Hydrogels; 3.4.5 Polymeric Micelles; 3.4.6 Gold Nanoparticles

3.5 Applications of Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery3.6 Conclusions; Acknowledgements; References; 4 Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Graphene Quantum Dots; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Properties; 4.2.1 Optical Properties; 4.2.1.1 Photoluminescence; 4.2.1.2 Up-conversion; 4.2.1.3 Electrochemical Luminescence; 4.2.1.4 Cytotoxicity; 4.3 Characterization; 4.3.1 Optical Characterization; 4.3.1.1 UV-Visible Spectroscopy; 4.3.1.2 Raman Spectroscopy; 4.3.1.3 Photoluminescence Spectroscopy; 4.3.2 Microscopy Characterization; 4.3.2.1 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)

4.3.2.2 Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)4.3.3 Surface State Characterization; 4.3.3.1 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FT-IR); 4.3.3.2 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS); 4.4 Synthesis; 4.4.1 Top-Down Approach; 4.4.1.1 Chemical Ablation Methods; 4.4.1.2 Electrochemical Method; 4.4.1.3 Physical Method; 4.4.2 Bottom-Up Approach; 4.4.2.1 Cage Opening of Fullerene; 4.4.2.2 GQDs Derived from Organic Molecules; 4.5 Applications; 4.5.1 Bioimaging or Biolabelling; 4.5.2 Biosensing; 4.5.3 Immunosensing; 4.5.4 Drug Delivery; 4.5.5 Light-Emitting Diode; 4.5.6 Sensors