Raw materials substitution sustainability / Elza Bontempi.

Acknowledgements; Contents; Introduction; 1 Raw Materials and Sustainability Indicators; Abstract; 1.1 Mineral Resources Consumption in Europe; 1.2 Raw Materials and Sustainability; 1.3 World Material Consumption; 1.4 Embodied Energy and Carbon Footprint; References; 2 Case Study of Raw Materials Substitution: Natural Fillers Substitution in Plastic Composites; Abstract; 2.1 A New Sustainable Filler from Waste: COSMOS Technologies; 2.2 Plastic Industry in Europe; 2.3 Alternative Plastic Composites: Increased Sustainability by Substitution of Natural Fillers

2.4 A Substitute of Antimony, a Critical Raw MaterialReferences; 3 Case Study of Raw Materials Substitution: Activated Carbon Substitution for Wastewater Treatments; Abstract; 3.1 Coal Fly Ash Reuse; 3.2 Adsorption Properties of Coal Fly Ash; 3.3 Thermal Regeneration of Porous Material; 3.4 Advantages of Proposed Material; 3.5 Sustainability of the Proposed Material; References; 4 A New Approach to Evaluate the Sustainability of Raw Materials Substitution; Abstract; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Legal Framework; 4.3 The SUB-RAW Index; 4.4 Raw Materials Substitution Possibilities

4.4.1 Coal Fly Ash and Portland Cement4.4.2 Coal Fly Ash and Activated Carbon; 4.4.3 COSMOS and Natural Fillers; 4.5 Considerations About the SUB-RAW Index; 4.6 Conclusions; References