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Dedication; Preface; Acknowledgements; Contents; About the Author; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 Definition; 1.2 Overview; References; Chapter 2: Epidemiology of Nutritional Anemia; 2.1 Global Prevalence; 2.2 Prevalence of Nutritional Anemia in India; References; Chapter 3: Physiological Contemplation of Iron in the Body; 3.1 Overview; 3.2 Average Iron Content in the Human Body; 3.2.1 Infancy; 3.2.2 Childhood; 3.2.3 Adolescence; 3.2.4 Females in Reproductive Age Group; 3.2.5 Adult Males and Postmenopausal Females; 3.3 Daily Iron Requirement; 3.4 Essential and Functional Iron Compounds
3.4.1 Haemoglobin and Myoglobin3.4.2 Catalases; 3.4.3 Peroxidases; 3.4.4 Cytochromes; 3.5 Iron Storage Compounds; 3.5.1 Ferritin; 3.5.2 Haemosiderin; 3.6 Labile Iron Pool; 3.7 Physiological Iron Turnover; 3.7.1 From Senile RBC; 3.7.2 In the Body; References; Chapter 4: Iron Metabolism in Human Body; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Dietary Sources of Iron; 4.3 Nonconventional Sources of Iron; 4.3.1 Iron Utensils; 4.4 Iron Absorption; 4.4.1 Factors Affecting Iron Absorption; 4.4.2 Non-haem Iron Absorption; 4.4.3 Haem Iron Absorption; 4.5 Iron Transport in Blood Circulation; 4.6 Iron Uptake by Cells
4.7 Regulation of Iron Absorption4.7.1 Mucosal Block Mechanism; 4.7.2 Erythropoietin Stimulus; 4.7.3 Ferritin-Transferrin Receptor Translational Control; 4.7.4 Hepcidin Level; 4.8 Role of Iron in the Growth and Development of Children; 4.8.1 Hypotheses for Iron Deficiency-Induced Harmful Effects on Neurodevelopment; References; Chapter 5: Aetiology of Iron Deficiency in Children; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Chronic Helminthic Infection; 5.3 Helicobacter pylori Infection; 5.4 Severe Malarial Anemia in Children; 5.4.1 Overview; 5.4.2 Aetiopathogenesis of Severe Malarial Anemia in Children
5.4.2.1 Role of Pro-inflammatory Biomacromolecules5.4.3 Clinical Manifestations; 5.5 Environmental Enteropathy and Anemia in Children; 5.6 Malabsorption Syndrome; 5.7 Habit of Geophagy in Children and Anemia; 5.7.1 Overview of Geophagy; 5.7.2 Cross-sectional Research Study (1); 5.7.3 Cross-sectional Research Study (2); 5.7.3.1 Conclusion; 5.8 HIV-Induced Anemia; 5.9 Iron Deficiency Anemia in Coeliac Disease; 5.9.1 IL-6-Hepcidin-Hypoferraemia; 5.9.2 Hepcidin-Induced Ferroportin Degradation; 5.9.3 Erythrophagocytosis; 5.9.3.1 Suppression of Erythropoiesis by Inflammation; References
Chapter 6: Laboratory Estimation of Iron in Body6.1 Haemoglobin Estimation; 6.1.1 Haldane Method; 6.1.2 Dare Method; 6.1.3 Lovibond-Drabkin Method; 6.1.4 Tallquist Method; 6.1.5 Spencer Method; 6.1.6 Copper Sulphate Method; 6.1.7 Direct Cyanmethaemoglobin Method; 6.1.8 Indirect Cyanmethaemoglobin Method; 6.1.9 HemoCue Method; 6.1.10 Sahli's Method; 6.1.11 Automated Haematology Analyser; 6.1.12 NBM-200; 6.1.13 WHO Haemoglobin Colour Scale Method; 6.2 Serum Ferritin; 6.3 Serum Iron/Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC); 6.4 Transferrin Saturation Test; 6.5 Red Blood Cell Zinc Protoporphyrin
3.4.1 Haemoglobin and Myoglobin3.4.2 Catalases; 3.4.3 Peroxidases; 3.4.4 Cytochromes; 3.5 Iron Storage Compounds; 3.5.1 Ferritin; 3.5.2 Haemosiderin; 3.6 Labile Iron Pool; 3.7 Physiological Iron Turnover; 3.7.1 From Senile RBC; 3.7.2 In the Body; References; Chapter 4: Iron Metabolism in Human Body; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Dietary Sources of Iron; 4.3 Nonconventional Sources of Iron; 4.3.1 Iron Utensils; 4.4 Iron Absorption; 4.4.1 Factors Affecting Iron Absorption; 4.4.2 Non-haem Iron Absorption; 4.4.3 Haem Iron Absorption; 4.5 Iron Transport in Blood Circulation; 4.6 Iron Uptake by Cells
4.7 Regulation of Iron Absorption4.7.1 Mucosal Block Mechanism; 4.7.2 Erythropoietin Stimulus; 4.7.3 Ferritin-Transferrin Receptor Translational Control; 4.7.4 Hepcidin Level; 4.8 Role of Iron in the Growth and Development of Children; 4.8.1 Hypotheses for Iron Deficiency-Induced Harmful Effects on Neurodevelopment; References; Chapter 5: Aetiology of Iron Deficiency in Children; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Chronic Helminthic Infection; 5.3 Helicobacter pylori Infection; 5.4 Severe Malarial Anemia in Children; 5.4.1 Overview; 5.4.2 Aetiopathogenesis of Severe Malarial Anemia in Children
5.4.2.1 Role of Pro-inflammatory Biomacromolecules5.4.3 Clinical Manifestations; 5.5 Environmental Enteropathy and Anemia in Children; 5.6 Malabsorption Syndrome; 5.7 Habit of Geophagy in Children and Anemia; 5.7.1 Overview of Geophagy; 5.7.2 Cross-sectional Research Study (1); 5.7.3 Cross-sectional Research Study (2); 5.7.3.1 Conclusion; 5.8 HIV-Induced Anemia; 5.9 Iron Deficiency Anemia in Coeliac Disease; 5.9.1 IL-6-Hepcidin-Hypoferraemia; 5.9.2 Hepcidin-Induced Ferroportin Degradation; 5.9.3 Erythrophagocytosis; 5.9.3.1 Suppression of Erythropoiesis by Inflammation; References
Chapter 6: Laboratory Estimation of Iron in Body6.1 Haemoglobin Estimation; 6.1.1 Haldane Method; 6.1.2 Dare Method; 6.1.3 Lovibond-Drabkin Method; 6.1.4 Tallquist Method; 6.1.5 Spencer Method; 6.1.6 Copper Sulphate Method; 6.1.7 Direct Cyanmethaemoglobin Method; 6.1.8 Indirect Cyanmethaemoglobin Method; 6.1.9 HemoCue Method; 6.1.10 Sahli's Method; 6.1.11 Automated Haematology Analyser; 6.1.12 NBM-200; 6.1.13 WHO Haemoglobin Colour Scale Method; 6.2 Serum Ferritin; 6.3 Serum Iron/Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC); 6.4 Transferrin Saturation Test; 6.5 Red Blood Cell Zinc Protoporphyrin