Contributors; Editors Biographies; Manganese Control of Glutamate Transporters' Gene Expression; 1 Introduction; 2 Astrocytes and Mn Neurotoxicity; 2.1 Glutamate Excitotoxicity in Mn Neurotoxicity; 2.2 Mn Inhibition of Glutamate Transporters' Gene Expression; 3 Mn Induces Glutamate Transporters' Gene Dysregulation; 3.1 Intracellular Signaling Pathways; 3.2 Transcriptional Regulation; 3.3 Epigenetic Regulation; 3.4 Attenuation of Mn-Induced Glutamate Transporters' Repression; 4 Summary; References; Glycine Transporters in Glia Cells: Structural Studies; 1 Introduction

2 Glial Glycine Transporters3 Structure of the Glycine Transporters; 4 GlyT1 Transporter: Structural Aspects; 5 Concluding Remarks; References; Taurine Homeostasis and Volume Control; 1 Introduction; 2 Taurine Content in the Brain; 3 Taurine Biosynthesis, Turnover, and Transport; 3.1 Biosynthesis; 3.2 Dietary Sources of Taurine; 3.3 Taurine Turnover Rate and Metabolic Degradation; 3.4 Taurine Transport: The Taurine Transporter TAUT; 4 Brain and Taurine Deficiency: Findings from Taurine Dietary Restriction, CSD, and TAUT Genetic Ablation; 4.1 Taurine Dietary Restriction

4.2 TAUT and CSAD Knockout (KO) Mice5 Taurine Homeostasis Facing Volume Changes in the Brain; 5.1 Mechanisms for Taurine Translocation Following Cell Volume Changes; 6 Taurine Homeostasis in Neuropathologies and Aging; 6.1 Cell Swelling in Acute and Chronic Hyponatremia; 6.2 Cell Swelling and Taurine Homeostasis in Ischemia; 6.3 Taurine and Aging; References; Glycine Transporters and Its Coupling with NMDA Receptors; 1 Introduction; 2 NMDAR Subunits and the Glycine Binding Site; 3 Regulation of the Extracellular Glycine Concentration by Glycine Transporters

4 Pharmacological and Genetic Models to Study GlyT1 Function4.1 GlyT1 Inhibitors; 4.2 Pharmacological Models; 4.3 Genetic Models; 5 Other Glycine Transporters; 6 GlyT1 as a Target for Psychiatric and Neurologic Diseases; 6.1 Schizophrenia; 6.2 Drug Addiction; 6.3 Depression; 6.4 Anxiety; 6.5 Ischemia and Exotoxicity; 6.6 Neuropathic Pain; 6.7 Epilepsy; 7 Conclusions nd Prospects; References; Revised Ion/Substrate Coupling Stoichiometry of GABA Transporters; 1 Introduction; 2 GABA Transporters and Na+- and Cl−-Coupled GABA Transport; 3 A Brief History of GABA Transporter Stoichiometry

4 Recent Evidence in Support of a Revised Ion/Substrate Coupling Stoichiometry for the GABA Transporters5 Implications of the Revised GABA Transporter Stoichiometry for Synaptic and Extrasynaptic GABA Concentrations; 6 Implications of the Revised GABA Transporter Stoichiometry for the Mechanism of Na+/Cl−/GABA Cotransport; 7 Conclusions and Future Directions; References; EAAT2 and the Molecular Signature of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; 1 Glutamate Dysregulation in ALS; 2 Glutamate Receptor Changes in ALS and Motor Neuron Vulnerability; 3 Glutamate Transporters and Dysregulation in ALS