Series Editors' Preface; About the Indian Institute of Metals; Genesis and History of the Series; Current Series Information; About This Book; Preface; Acknowledgements; Contents; About the Author; 1 Introduction; Abstract; 1.1 Material Engineering; 1.2 Considerations in Material Selection; 1.2.1 Material Degradation; 1.2.2 Mechanical and Physical Properties; 1.2.3 Equipment Fabrication; 1.2.4 Type of Equipment; 1.2.5 Material Maintenance; 1.2.6 Design Philosophy; 1.3 Steps in Selection of Material; 1.3.1 Steps in Material Selection; 1.3.2 Design and Operational Considerations

1.4 Some Failure Examples1.4.1 A Case of Correct MOC But Wrong Specification and Repair Procedure; 1.4.2 Selection of Control Valve of Wrong Design; 1.4.3 Catastrophic Failure Due to Inadequate Piping Stress Analysis; 1.4.4 Capsize of Semi-submersible Offshore Platform Because of Poor Workmanship; 1.4.5 Rupture of Pipe in Crude Distillation Unit Due to Wrong Specification; 1.4.6 Failure of Thick Low Alloy Steel Vessel Due to Inadequate PWHT; References; 2 Classification of Metallic Engineering Materials; Abstract; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Ferrous Materials; 2.2.1 Cast Irons

2.2.1.1 Alloy Cast Irons2.2.2 Plain Carbon Steels; 2.2.3 Low and Medium Alloy Steels; 2.2.4 High Alloy Steels; 2.2.4.1 Wrought Austenitic, Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steels; 2.2.4.2 Cast Stainless Steels; 2.2.4.3 Duplex Stainless Steel (DSS); 2.2.4.4 High Performance Ferritic and Austenitic Stainless Steels; 2.2.4.5 Comparison of Different Stainless Steels; 2.3 Non-ferrous Materials; 2.3.1 Aluminium and Aluminium Alloys; 2.3.2 Copper and Copper Alloys; 2.3.3 Nickel and Nickel Alloys; 2.3.4 Lead and Lead Alloys; 2.3.5 Titanium and Titanium Alloys; 2.3.6 Other Non-ferrous Metals

2.4 Unified Numbering System2.5 Material Specification; 2.5.1 Material Standard; 2.5.2 Purpose of Specification; 2.5.3 Preparation of Standards; 2.5.3.1 Broad Coverage Under Specifications; 2.5.4 Dual Certification; References; 3 Production and Working of Metals and Alloys; Abstract; 3.1 Metal Production; 3.1.1 Metal Purification; 3.2 Iron and Steel Making; 3.2.1 Pig Iron; 3.2.2 Conventional Steel Making; 3.2.2.1 Basic Oxygen Process (BOP); 3.2.2.2 Electric Arc Furnace Steel Making; 3.2.2.3 Deoxidation and Ladle Treatment of Steel; 3.2.3 Modern Steel Making by Ladle Treatment

3.2.3.1 Desulfurization3.2.3.2 Ladle Decarburization; 3.2.3.3 Ladle Degassing; 3.2.4 Summary; 3.3 Ingot Casting and Forming; 3.3.1 Conventional Casting; 3.3.2 Continuous Casting; 3.4 Shaping of Metal and Alloys; 3.4.1 Casting; 3.4.1.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Casting; 3.4.1.2 Centrifugal Casting; 3.4.2 Shaping by Mechanical Working; 3.4.2.1 Workability; 3.4.2.2 Surface Finish; 3.4.3 Types of Forming Processes; 3.4.3.1 Rolling; 3.4.3.2 Extrusion; Cold Extrusion; Hot Extrusion; 3.4.3.3 Forging; Closed Die Forging; Open-Die Forging; Cold Forging; Seamless Rolled Ring Forging