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Foreword; Preface; References; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Epidemiology of Headache in Children and Adolescents; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Magnitude of Headache Syndromes Among Children and Adolescents in the General Population; 1.3 Risk Factors and Correlates; 1.4 Incidence and Course of Disease; 1.5 Impact of Migraine; References; Chapter 2: Classification and Limits; References; Chapter 3: Migraine Genetics; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Syndromic Forms; 3.2.1 Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL)
3.2.2 Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-Like Episodes (MELAS)3.2.3 Retinal Vasculopathy and Cerebral Leukodystrophy (RVCL); 3.2.4 COL4A1-Related Syndromes; 3.2.5 Familial Anticipated Sleep Phase Syndrome (FASPS); 3.3 Monogenic Forms of Migraine; 3.4 Polygenic Forms; 3.4.1 Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS); 3.5 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Epigenetics; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Basic Mechanisms of Epigenetics; 4.3 Epigenetic Mechanisms in Migraine and Headache; 4.4 Epigenetics, Environmental Factors, and Comorbidities; 4.5 Conclusion; References
Chapter 5: Headache, Burden, and Quality of Life5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Burden of Pediatric Headache; 5.3 Quality of Life and Pediatric Headache; 5.4 Clinical Implications; References; Chapter 6: Child Abuse and Headache in Children and Adolescents; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Prevalence of Childhood Maltreatment in Headache Disorders; 6.3 Effects of Childhood Maltreatment on Brain Development; 6.3.1 Structural and Functional Changes; 6.3.2 Effects on Cognitive and Neuropsychology Development; 6.3.2.1 Language; 6.3.2.2 Attention and Executive Function; 6.3.2.3 Memory and Learning
6.4 Mechanisms Linking Maltreatment and Headache6.5 Management in Children with Maltreatment and Headaches; 6.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 7: Childhood Episodic Syndromes That May Be Associated with Migraine; 7.1 Background; 7.2 Classification and Current State of Clinical Practice in Episodic Syndromes That May Be Associated with Migraine; 7.2.1 Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome (ICHD-III Beta 1.6.1.1); 7.2.2 Abdominal Migraine (ICHD-III Beta 1.6.1.2); 7.2.3 Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo of Childhood (ICHD-III Beta 1.6.2); 7.2.4 Benign Paroxysmal Torticollis of Infancy (ICHD-III Beta 1.6.3)
7.2.5 Infant Colic (ICHD-III Beta A1.6.4)7.2.6 Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood (AHC) (ICHD-III Beta A1.6.5); 7.2.7 Vestibular Migraine (ICHD-III Beta A1.6.6); 7.3 Pathogenetic Hypothesis, Treatment and Remaining Concerns in Episodic Syndromes; References; Chapter 8: Comorbidity with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; 8.1 Background; 8.2 ADHD Diagnosis and Prevalence; 8.3 Migraine and ADHD: Clinical Studies; 8.4 Migraine and ADHD: Populational Studies; 8.5 Zoom In; 8.6 Ongoing Work; 8.7 Treatment; 8.8 Conclusion; References
3.2.2 Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-Like Episodes (MELAS)3.2.3 Retinal Vasculopathy and Cerebral Leukodystrophy (RVCL); 3.2.4 COL4A1-Related Syndromes; 3.2.5 Familial Anticipated Sleep Phase Syndrome (FASPS); 3.3 Monogenic Forms of Migraine; 3.4 Polygenic Forms; 3.4.1 Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS); 3.5 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Epigenetics; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Basic Mechanisms of Epigenetics; 4.3 Epigenetic Mechanisms in Migraine and Headache; 4.4 Epigenetics, Environmental Factors, and Comorbidities; 4.5 Conclusion; References
Chapter 5: Headache, Burden, and Quality of Life5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Burden of Pediatric Headache; 5.3 Quality of Life and Pediatric Headache; 5.4 Clinical Implications; References; Chapter 6: Child Abuse and Headache in Children and Adolescents; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Prevalence of Childhood Maltreatment in Headache Disorders; 6.3 Effects of Childhood Maltreatment on Brain Development; 6.3.1 Structural and Functional Changes; 6.3.2 Effects on Cognitive and Neuropsychology Development; 6.3.2.1 Language; 6.3.2.2 Attention and Executive Function; 6.3.2.3 Memory and Learning
6.4 Mechanisms Linking Maltreatment and Headache6.5 Management in Children with Maltreatment and Headaches; 6.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 7: Childhood Episodic Syndromes That May Be Associated with Migraine; 7.1 Background; 7.2 Classification and Current State of Clinical Practice in Episodic Syndromes That May Be Associated with Migraine; 7.2.1 Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome (ICHD-III Beta 1.6.1.1); 7.2.2 Abdominal Migraine (ICHD-III Beta 1.6.1.2); 7.2.3 Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo of Childhood (ICHD-III Beta 1.6.2); 7.2.4 Benign Paroxysmal Torticollis of Infancy (ICHD-III Beta 1.6.3)
7.2.5 Infant Colic (ICHD-III Beta A1.6.4)7.2.6 Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood (AHC) (ICHD-III Beta A1.6.5); 7.2.7 Vestibular Migraine (ICHD-III Beta A1.6.6); 7.3 Pathogenetic Hypothesis, Treatment and Remaining Concerns in Episodic Syndromes; References; Chapter 8: Comorbidity with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; 8.1 Background; 8.2 ADHD Diagnosis and Prevalence; 8.3 Migraine and ADHD: Clinical Studies; 8.4 Migraine and ADHD: Populational Studies; 8.5 Zoom In; 8.6 Ongoing Work; 8.7 Treatment; 8.8 Conclusion; References