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Preface; Contents; 1 Bacterial Metabolism of Selenium-For Survival or Profit; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Selenium Biogeochemical Cycle; 3 Dissimilatory and Assimilatory Selenium Reduction; 4 Bacterial Utilization of Selenate; 5 Growth Coupled to Selenate Reduction; 6 Enzymatic Reduction of Selenate; 7 Structure of Selenate Reductases; 8 Additional Enzymes Reacting with Selenate; 9 Bacterial Selenite Reduction; 10 Bacterial Response to Selenium Stress; 11 Elemental Selenium Oxidation/Reduction; 12 Transmembrane Movement of Selenium
13 Biotechnological Applications of Microbial Selenium Metabolism14 Bioremediation of Se-Laden Wastewaters; 15 Biogenic Se0 NP Production by Microbial Factories; 15.1 Metal Selenides; 16 Summary; References; 2 Understanding Selenium Biogeochemistry in Engineered Ecosystems: Transformation and Analytical Methods; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Biogeochemistry of Se; 2.1 Se Mineralogy; 2.2 Prevalent Se Species in Engineered Systems; 2.3 Microbial Transformation of Se in Engineered Systems; 2.4 The Se Cycle in Nature; 3 Analytical Methods for Determining Concentration and Speciation of Se
3.1 Quantification of Total Se3.1.1 Synchrotron X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy; 3.1.2 Electron Microscopy; 3.1.3 Chromatographic Separation for Speciation; 3.2 Tools for Studying Se (Bio) Transformations; 3.2.1 Se Isotopes and Their Fractionation; 3.2.2 Sequential Extraction Procedures for Fractionation; 4 Future Perspectives; Acknowledgements; References; 3 Bioprocess Approaches for the Removal of Selenium from Industrial Waste and Wastewater by Pseudomonas stutzeri NT-I; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Isolation and Characterization of a Versatile Selenium-Metabolizing Bacterium
2.1 Bioprecipitation of Selenium by Pseudomonas stutzeri NT-I2.2 Biovolatilization of Selenium by P. stutzeri NT-I; 3 Development and Applications of Selenium-Removal Bioprocesses for Industrial Waste and Wastewater; 3.1 Treatment of Selenium Refinery Wastewater Using Pilot-Scale Bioreactors; 3.2 Selenium Removal from Sewage Sludge Ash by Chemical Extraction and Bioreduction; 3.3 Selenium Removal from Kiln Powder of Cement Manufacturing by Chemical Leaching and Bioprecipitation; 4 Conclusion and Future Perspectives; References
4 Industrial Selenium Pollution: Sources and Biological Treatment TechnologiesAbstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Selenium Chemistry and Toxicity; 2.1 Selenium Speciation; 2.2 Sources of Selenium; 2.3 Regulatory Limits; 3 Biological Treatment; 3.1 Microbial Metabolism of Se; 3.2 Granular Sludge Bioreactors; 3.3 Fluidized-Bed Biofilm Reactor; 3.4 Packed-Bed Reactors; 3.5 Hydrogen-Based Membrane Biofilm Reactor; 3.6 Electro-Biochemical Reactor; 3.7 Passive Treatment Systems; 3.7.1 Biobed Percolator Systems; 3.7.2 Enhanced in Situ Microbial Reduction; 3.7.3 Constructed Wetlands; 4 Conclusions
13 Biotechnological Applications of Microbial Selenium Metabolism14 Bioremediation of Se-Laden Wastewaters; 15 Biogenic Se0 NP Production by Microbial Factories; 15.1 Metal Selenides; 16 Summary; References; 2 Understanding Selenium Biogeochemistry in Engineered Ecosystems: Transformation and Analytical Methods; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Biogeochemistry of Se; 2.1 Se Mineralogy; 2.2 Prevalent Se Species in Engineered Systems; 2.3 Microbial Transformation of Se in Engineered Systems; 2.4 The Se Cycle in Nature; 3 Analytical Methods for Determining Concentration and Speciation of Se
3.1 Quantification of Total Se3.1.1 Synchrotron X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy; 3.1.2 Electron Microscopy; 3.1.3 Chromatographic Separation for Speciation; 3.2 Tools for Studying Se (Bio) Transformations; 3.2.1 Se Isotopes and Their Fractionation; 3.2.2 Sequential Extraction Procedures for Fractionation; 4 Future Perspectives; Acknowledgements; References; 3 Bioprocess Approaches for the Removal of Selenium from Industrial Waste and Wastewater by Pseudomonas stutzeri NT-I; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Isolation and Characterization of a Versatile Selenium-Metabolizing Bacterium
2.1 Bioprecipitation of Selenium by Pseudomonas stutzeri NT-I2.2 Biovolatilization of Selenium by P. stutzeri NT-I; 3 Development and Applications of Selenium-Removal Bioprocesses for Industrial Waste and Wastewater; 3.1 Treatment of Selenium Refinery Wastewater Using Pilot-Scale Bioreactors; 3.2 Selenium Removal from Sewage Sludge Ash by Chemical Extraction and Bioreduction; 3.3 Selenium Removal from Kiln Powder of Cement Manufacturing by Chemical Leaching and Bioprecipitation; 4 Conclusion and Future Perspectives; References
4 Industrial Selenium Pollution: Sources and Biological Treatment TechnologiesAbstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Selenium Chemistry and Toxicity; 2.1 Selenium Speciation; 2.2 Sources of Selenium; 2.3 Regulatory Limits; 3 Biological Treatment; 3.1 Microbial Metabolism of Se; 3.2 Granular Sludge Bioreactors; 3.3 Fluidized-Bed Biofilm Reactor; 3.4 Packed-Bed Reactors; 3.5 Hydrogen-Based Membrane Biofilm Reactor; 3.6 Electro-Biochemical Reactor; 3.7 Passive Treatment Systems; 3.7.1 Biobed Percolator Systems; 3.7.2 Enhanced in Situ Microbial Reduction; 3.7.3 Constructed Wetlands; 4 Conclusions