Preface; Introduction; Contents; Contributors; Part I: Graphene and Nanocarbon Materials; The Synthesis and the Catalytic Properties of Graphene-Based Composite Materials; 1 Introduction; 2 Quenching Technology for the Production of High-Quality Graphene; 3 Synthesis and Antibacterial Application of Ag/Graphene Composite; 4 Synthesis and Catalytic Application of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene/Pd@PdO; 5 The Synthesis of (001) Facets TiO2/Graphene Composites; References; Optical Characterization of Graphene and Its Derivatives: An Experimentalist's Perspective; 1 Introduction

1.1 Outline of This Chapter2 Methods; 2.1 Absorbance Spectroscopy; 2.2 Infrared Spectroscopy; 2.3 Raman Spectroscopy; 2.4 Rayleigh Imaging; 2.5 Photoluminescence; 2.6 Ultrafast Optics; 3 Properties; 3.1 Thermal Properties; 3.1.1 Raman Spectroscopy; 3.2 Doping; 3.2.1 Absorbance Spectroscopy; 3.2.2 Fast Optics; 3.3 Strain; 3.3.1 Infrared Spectroscopy; 3.4 Thickness and Stacking; 3.5 Defectiveness; 3.5.1 Infrared Spectroscopy; 3.5.2 Photoluminescence; 3.6 Electronic Structure; 3.6.1 Raman; 3.6.2 Photoluminescence; 3.6.3 Infrared Spectroscopy; 3.6.4 Ultrafast Optics

3.7 Distinction of Effects and Combination of Techniques4 Conclusion; References; Submerged Liquid Plasma for the Formation of Nanostructured Carbon; 1 Introduction; 2 Formation of Nanostructured Carbon in Aqueous and Nonaqueous Solutions; 2.1 Formation of Unconventional Polymers or Oligomers in Submerged Liquid Plasma Processes; 2.2 Formation of Functionalized Graphene in Submerged Liquid Plasma Processes; 2.2.1 Direct Insertion of Nitrogen Functional Group in sp2 Carbon Domain of Graphene

2.3 Formation of Nitrogen Functionalized Graphene and Nanometal Hybrid by a Submerged Liquid Plasma Process2.4 Formation of Nitrogen Functionalized Graphene and Nanoclay Hybrid by Submerged Liquid Plasma Processes; 3 Applications of Nanostructured Carbon and Hybrids Synthesized by Submerged Liquid Plasma Processes; 4 Future Prospects; References; Lab-on-a-Graphene: Functionalized Graphene Transistors and Their Application for Biosensing; 1 Introduction; 2 How Does a G-FET Detect Biomolecules?; 3 Ion Sensing Using a G-FET; 4 Functionalization of G-FET

4.1 DNA Detection Using a Complementary Strand4.2 IgE Detection Using a DNA Aptamer; 4.3 Heat-Shock Protein Detection Using an Antibody Fragment; 5 Combination with a Surface-Acoustic Wave Sensor; 6 Flexible Graphene Sensor; 7 Conclusion; 8 Outlook; References; Production of Single- and Few-Layer Graphene from Graphite; 1 Electrically Conductive Filler-Polymer Composite; 2 Graphite Nanosheets as an Electrical Conductive Filler; 3 Production of Graphite Nanosheets from Graphite Intercalation Compounds; 4 Summary and Future Perspectives; References