Preface; Contents; Contributors; 1: Evolution of Pituitary Surgery and the Transsphenoidal Approach; Introduction; Early Approaches to the Pituitary; Endoscopy in Transsphenoidal Surgery; Extended Transsphenoidal Approaches; Conclusions; References; 2: The History of Trans-sphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Tumours; Understanding and Diagnosis of Pituitary Tumours; Surgical Approaches; Transcranial Surgery; Trans-sphenoidal Surgery; Oscar Hirsch; Harvey Cushing; Norman Dott; Gerard Guiot; Jules Hardy; Image Guidance and Intraoperative MRI; Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery

Extended Trans-sphenoidal Surgery Conclusion; References; 3: Principles and Pitfalls of Anesthesia for Transsphenoidal Surgery; Background; Preoperative Assessment; Prolactinomas; Acromegaly; Cushing's Disease; Thyrotropic Adenomas; Nonfunctioning Adenomas; Intraoperative Management; Surgical Factors; Airway Management; Positioning and Preparation for Surgery; Monitoring; Maintenance of Anesthesia; Postoperative Considerations; Pain; Nausea and Vomiting; CSF Leak, Cranial Nerve Injury, and Visual Field Deficits; Hypopituitarism and Postoperative Hormone Screening

Disorders of Water Balance: Diabetes Insipidus (DI) and Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) Conclusion; References; 4: Operative Indications and Pitfalls in Patient Selection for Surgery of Pituitary Tumors; Preoperative Evaluation; Radiological Diagnosis; Rhinological Evaluation; Endocrinology Evaluation; Neuro-ophthalmology; Surgical Indications by Lesion; Prolactinomas; Acromegaly; Cushing's Disease; Thyrotropic Adenoma; Nonfunctioning Tumors; Pituitary Apoplexy; Craniopharyngiomas; Meningiomas; Infundibular/Hypothalamic Tumors; Cysts; Metastasis

Reoperations Conclusion; References; 5: The Perioperative and Postoperative Care for Pituitary Patients; Introduction; Preoperative Hormonal Analysis; Disorders of Water Metabolism: Diabetes Insipidus and SIADH; Diabetes Insipidus; Incidence; Diagnosis; Postoperative Clinical Course of DI and Possible SIADH Phase; Indications for Treatment in DI; Adrenal Insufficiency; Special Considerations in Patients with Cushing's Disease; Conclusions; References; 6: Neuro-ophthalmology of Pituitary Tumors; Neuro-anatomy of the Optic Chiasm and Relation to Visual Symptoms

The Neuro-ophthalmic Examination Perimetric Assessment of the Visual Fields; Patterns of Visual Field Loss; Structural Assessment of the Optic Pathways; Fundus Examination; Optical Coherence Tomography; Management of Visual Loss; Postoperative Visual Loss; Efferent Neuro-ophthalmic Complications of Sellar Tumors; Special Considerations; Conclusion; References; 7: Rhinologic Evaluation of Patients Undergoing Transsphenoidal Surgery; Historical Perspective; Nasal Functions and Physiology; Paranasal Sinus Function and Physiology; Preoperative Considerations/Workup; Imaging