Preface; Contents; 1: The Normal Examination; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 2D Echo and Colour Doppler Echocardiography; 1.2.1 Parasternal Views; 1.2.2 Apical Views; 1.2.3 Subcostal Views; 1.2.4 Suprasternal Views; 1.3 Pulsed Wave and Continuous Wave Doppler; 1.3.1 Systemic Veins; 1.3.2 Tricuspid Valve; 1.3.3 Right Ventricular Outflow Tract and Pulmonary Artery; 1.3.4 Pulmonary Veins; 1.3.5 Mitral Valve; 1.3.6 Left Ventricular Outflow Tract and Aorta; 1.4 Doppler Echocardiography in the Assessment of Haemodynamics

1.5 Calculation of Gradients Across the Outflow Tracts and Aortic and Pulmonary Valve1.6 Determination of Right Ventricular and Pulmonary Arterial Pressure; 1.7 Noninvasive Determination of Stroke Volume and Cardiac Output; 1.8 Calculation of Valve Area; References; 2: Atrial Septal Defects; 2.1 Anatomy and Haemodynamics; 2.2 Two-Dimensional Echocardiography; 2.3 Colour Doppler Echocardiography; 2.4 Pulsed Wave and Continuous Wave Doppler; References; 3: Ventricular Septal Defect; 3.1 Anatomy and Haemodynamics; 3.2 Two-Dimensional Echocardiography

3.3 Colour Doppler Echocardiography3.4 Pulsed Wave and Continuous Wave Doppler Sonography; References; 4: Atrioventricular Septal Defect; 4.1 Anatomy and Hemodynamics; 4.2 Two-Dimensional Echocardiography; 4.3 Color Doppler Echocardiography; 4.4 Pulsed Wave and Continuous Wave Doppler; References; 5: Patent Ductus Arteriosus; 5.1 Anatomy and Haemodynamics; 5.2 Two-Dimensional Echocardiography; 5.3 Colour Doppler Echocardiography; 5.4 Pulsed Wave and Continuous Wave Doppler Sonography; References; 6: Aortopulmonary Window; 6.1 Anatomy and Haemodynamics

6.2 Two-Dimensional Echocardiography6.3 Colour Doppler Echocardiography; 6.4 Pulsed Wave and Continuous Wave Doppler; References; 7: Pulmonary Stenosis; 7.1 Anatomy and Haemodynamics; 7.2 2D Echocardiography; 7.3 Colour Doppler Echocardiography; 7.4 Pulsed Wave and Continuous Wave Doppler; References; 8: Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum (PAiVS); 8.1 Anatomy and Haemodynamics; 8.2 2D Echocardiography; 8.3 Colour Doppler Echocardiography; 8.4 Pulsed Wave and Continuous Wave Doppler; References; 9: Tricuspid Atresia; 9.1 Anatomy and Haemodynamics

9.2 Two-Dimensional Echocardiography9.3 Colour Doppler Echocardiography; 9.4 Pulsed Wave and Continuous Wave Doppler; References; 10: Ebstein's Anomaly; 10.1 Anatomy and Haemodynamics; 10.2 Two-Dimensional Echocardiography; 10.3 Colour Doppler Echocardiography; 10.4 Pulsed Wave and Continuous Wave Doppler Sonography; References; 11: Tetralogy of Fallot; 11.1 Anatomy and Haemodynamics; 11.2 Two-Dimensional Echocardiography; 11.3 Colour Doppler Echocardiography; 11.4 Pulsed Wave and Continuous Wave Doppler; References; 12: Pulmonary Atresia and Ventricular Septal Defect