Introduction: ciphers and the material history of literacy / Katherine Ellison and Susan Kim
Medieval musical notes as cryptography / Elsa DeLuca and John Haines
Keeping history : images, texts, ciphers, and the Franks Casket / Susan Kim and Asa Simon Mittman
Anglo-Saxon ciphers / Stephen J. Harris
The cryptographic imagination : revealing and concealing in Anglo-Saxon literature / E.J. Christie
The printing press and cryptography : Alberti and the dawn of a notational epoch / Quinn Dupont
"That you are both decipher'd" : revealing espionage and staging written evidence in early modern England / Lisa M. Barksdale-Shaw
Out of "their covert of words" : cipher and secrecy in the writing of early modern algebra / Lisa Wilde
Limited by their letters : alphabets, codes, and gesture in seventeenth-century England / Michael C. Clody
Deciphering and the exhaustion of recombination / Katherine Ellison
"What I write I do not see" : reading and writing with invisible ink / Karen Britland
Real life cryptology : enciphering practice in early modern Hungary / Benedek Láng
Afterword: the critical legacy of medieval and early modern cryptography before and after World War I / Katherine Ellison and Susan Kim.