Preface; Contents; Recommendation for Further Reading: Literature; 1 Planning of Distillation and Absorption Columns; 1.1 Planning Information; 1.2 Mass Balance for the Separation Task; 1.3 Separation Conditions; 1.4 Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium [4]; 1.4.1 The Ideal Equilibrium According to Raoult-Dalton; 1.4.2 Equations of State; 1.4.3 Equilibrium Models for Non-polar Materials Considering the Non-ideal Behaviour in the Liquid Phase Based on Pure Component Data

1.4.4 Equilibrium Models for Polar Components with High Non-ideal Behaviour in the Liquid Phase1.5 Energy and Mass Balance in the Column; 1.5.1 Mass Balance (Fig. 1.4); 1.5.2 Energy Balance (Fig. 1.5); 1.5.3 Required Column Diameter; 1.6 Selection of Column Internals; 1.7 Condensers [2]; 1.8 Reboiler [2]; 1.9 Vacuum Pumps [3]; 1.10 Control Facilities [5]; 1.11 Heating Systems with Steam or Hot Oil [3]; 1.11.1 Heat Transfer Coefficients; 1.11.2 Steam Heating [3]; 1.11.3 Heating with Hot Oil [3]; 1.12 Cooling Systems [3]

1.12.1 Cooling Water Circulation Systems1.12.2 Comparison Between a Cooling Tower and an Air Cooler; 1.12.3 Cooling Water by Evaporating a Refrigerant or Adiabatic Evaporation; 1.12.4 Direct Condensation in Columns [6]; References; 2 Equilibria, Bubble Points, Dewpoints, Flash Calculations, and Activity Coefficients; 2.1 Vapour Pressure Calculations; 2.2 Phase Equilibrium of Ideal Binary Mixtures; 2.3 Bubble Point Calculation; 2.4 Dew Point Calculation; 2.5 Dew Point Calculation of Vapour Containing Inert Gases

2.6 Dew and Bubble Point Lines of Ideal Binary Mixtures2.7 The Bubble Point and Dew Point of Immiscible Mixtures; 2.8 Flash Calculations for Ideal Binary Mixtures [1]; 2.9 Calculation of the Equilibrium and the Bubble and Dew Point Temperatures of Ideal Multi-component Mixtures; 2.10 Flash Calculations for Ideal Multi-component Mixtures [2]; 2.11 Phase Equilibrium of Non-ideal Binary Mixtures; 2.12 Calculation of the Activity Coefficients; 2.12.1 Calculation According to Wilson for Miscible Components [8]

2.12.2 Calculation According to NRTL for Partially Miscible Components with Two Liquid Phases [9]2.12.3 Calculation According to Uniquac for Components with a Miscibility Gap; 2.12.4 Critical Comparison of the Activity Coefficients Calculated Using Different Models; 2.13 Bubble Point, Dew Point, and Flash Separation for Non-ideal Binary Mixtures; 2.14 Non-ideal Multi-component Mixtures; References; 3 Fractionation of Binary Mixtures; 3.1 Material Balance; 3.2 Vapoura-Liquid Equilibria; 3.2.1 Equilibria of Ideal Mixtures