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Editorial; Radiation Induced Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Waters and Wastewaters; 1 Introduction; 2 Reactions of Primary Radicals of Water Radiolysis with Organic Molecules; 2.1 Radiolysis of Liquid Water; 2.2 The Diffusion Controlled Rate Constant; 2.3 Reactions of the Hydroxyl Radical; 2.4 Reactions of the Hydrated Electron and Hydrogen Atom; 3 Reactions of Radicals Formed in Radical Transfer Reactions; 3.1 Reactions in the Presence of Dissolved Oxygen; 3.2 Reactions in the Presence of Hydrogen Peroxide; 3.3 Reactions in the Presence of Ozone
3.4 Reactions of the Chloride Atom and Dichloride Radical Anion3.5 Reactions of the Carbonate Radical Anion; 3.6 Reactions of the Sulfate Radical Anion; 4 Concluding Remarks; References; Electron Beam Technology for Environmental Pollution Control; 1 Introduction; 2 Industrial Off-Gas Treatment; 2.1 Interaction of Electrons with Flue Gas Components; 2.2 SOx and NOx Removal from Fossil Fuel Combustion Flue Gases; 2.3 Industrial Application of the Process; 3 Wastewater Treatment; 3.1 Interaction of Electrons with Water Molecules in Aqueous Media; 3.2 Electron Beam Treatment of Wastewater
3.3 Removal of Emerging Contaminants4 Sludge Treatment; 4.1 Inactivation of Microorganisms; 4.2 Pilot and Industrial Scale Operation of Sludge Hygienization; 4.3 Enhanced Composting of Radiation Disinfected Sewage Sludge; 4.4 Removal of EDCs from Soil and Industrial Sludge; 5 Electron Accelerator for Environmental Pollution Control; 5.1 Accelerators for Environmental Application; 5.2 Mobile Electron Beam for Pilot Test; 6 Conclusion; References; Radiation Grafting for the Functionalization and Development of Smart Polymeric Materials; 1 Introduction; 2 Grafting Techniques
3 Radiation-Induced Grafting3.1 Methods of Synthesis; 3.1.1 Direct Radiation Grafting Method; 3.1.2 Pre-Irradiation Grafting Method; 3.1.3 Pre-Irradiation Oxidative Grafting Method; 3.2 Modifying Properties by Grafting; 3.3 Grafting Quantification and Characterization Techniques; 4 Smart Polymers; 4.1 Smart Polymeric Materials Obtained by Ionizing Radiation; 4.1.1 Temperature-Responsive Polymers; 4.1.2 pH-Responsive Polymers; 5 Applications; 5.1 Surface Modification Polymers for Medical Purposes; 5.1.1 Catheters; 5.1.2 Coating with Shape-Memory Polymers; 5.1.3 Graft Sutures; 5.2 Biosensors
5.3 Grafting Polymer Matrixes for Cell and Tissue Cultivation6 Conclusions and Remarks; References; Radiation Engineering of Multifunctional Nanogels; 1 Nanogels: Soft, Dynamic, Challenging Nanoparticles; 2 Nanogel Manufacturing; 2.1 Nanogel Micro-/Nanofabrication Methodologies; 2.2 Nanogels Prepared by Polymerisation in Dilute Solutions or Heterogeneous Systems; 2.3 Nanogels Produced by Self-Assembly and Crosslinking of Preformed Polymers; 3 Radiation-Engineered Nanogels; 4 Mechanism of Radiation Synthesis of Nanogels; 4.1 Polymer Radical Formation; 4.2 Polymer Radical Follow-up Reactions
3.4 Reactions of the Chloride Atom and Dichloride Radical Anion3.5 Reactions of the Carbonate Radical Anion; 3.6 Reactions of the Sulfate Radical Anion; 4 Concluding Remarks; References; Electron Beam Technology for Environmental Pollution Control; 1 Introduction; 2 Industrial Off-Gas Treatment; 2.1 Interaction of Electrons with Flue Gas Components; 2.2 SOx and NOx Removal from Fossil Fuel Combustion Flue Gases; 2.3 Industrial Application of the Process; 3 Wastewater Treatment; 3.1 Interaction of Electrons with Water Molecules in Aqueous Media; 3.2 Electron Beam Treatment of Wastewater
3.3 Removal of Emerging Contaminants4 Sludge Treatment; 4.1 Inactivation of Microorganisms; 4.2 Pilot and Industrial Scale Operation of Sludge Hygienization; 4.3 Enhanced Composting of Radiation Disinfected Sewage Sludge; 4.4 Removal of EDCs from Soil and Industrial Sludge; 5 Electron Accelerator for Environmental Pollution Control; 5.1 Accelerators for Environmental Application; 5.2 Mobile Electron Beam for Pilot Test; 6 Conclusion; References; Radiation Grafting for the Functionalization and Development of Smart Polymeric Materials; 1 Introduction; 2 Grafting Techniques
3 Radiation-Induced Grafting3.1 Methods of Synthesis; 3.1.1 Direct Radiation Grafting Method; 3.1.2 Pre-Irradiation Grafting Method; 3.1.3 Pre-Irradiation Oxidative Grafting Method; 3.2 Modifying Properties by Grafting; 3.3 Grafting Quantification and Characterization Techniques; 4 Smart Polymers; 4.1 Smart Polymeric Materials Obtained by Ionizing Radiation; 4.1.1 Temperature-Responsive Polymers; 4.1.2 pH-Responsive Polymers; 5 Applications; 5.1 Surface Modification Polymers for Medical Purposes; 5.1.1 Catheters; 5.1.2 Coating with Shape-Memory Polymers; 5.1.3 Graft Sutures; 5.2 Biosensors
5.3 Grafting Polymer Matrixes for Cell and Tissue Cultivation6 Conclusions and Remarks; References; Radiation Engineering of Multifunctional Nanogels; 1 Nanogels: Soft, Dynamic, Challenging Nanoparticles; 2 Nanogel Manufacturing; 2.1 Nanogel Micro-/Nanofabrication Methodologies; 2.2 Nanogels Prepared by Polymerisation in Dilute Solutions or Heterogeneous Systems; 2.3 Nanogels Produced by Self-Assembly and Crosslinking of Preformed Polymers; 3 Radiation-Engineered Nanogels; 4 Mechanism of Radiation Synthesis of Nanogels; 4.1 Polymer Radical Formation; 4.2 Polymer Radical Follow-up Reactions