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Preface; Contents; 1: Regulation of Atherosclerosis by microRNAs; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 miRNA-Mediated Regulatory Mechanisms; 1.2.1 Regulatory Mechanisms of miRNA Strands Derived from a Single Precursor; 1.2.2 RNA Sponges in the Regulation of miRNA Activity; 1.2.3 Circulating miRNAs: Messengers on the Move; 1.3 Regulation of Inflammatory Macrophage Activation by a miRNA Tandem; 1.4 Combined Roles of miR-126-3p and miR-126-5p in Endothelial Regeneration and Their Use in Therapeutic Approaches; 1.5 Lipoprotein-Mediated miRNA Transfer; 1.6 Conclusions and Future Work; References.
2: Noncoding RNAs in Cholesterol Metabolism and Atherosclerosis2.1 Introduction; 2.2 miRNAs Regulating HDL-C Metabolism and Reverse Cholesterol Transport; 2.2.1 miR-33a/miR-33b; 2.2.2 miR-33a/miR-33b and Atherosclerosis; 2.3 miRNAs and LDL-C Metabolism; 2.3.1 miRNAs That Regulate Cholesterol Biosynthesis and VLDL Secretion; 2.3.1.1 miR-122; 2.3.1.2 miR-30c in Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis; 2.3.1.3 miR-33a/miR-33b; 2.3.1.4 miR-96/miR-182/miR-183; 2.3.2 miRNAs That Regulate LDLR Expression and LDL-C Clearance; 2.3.2.1 miR-148a; 2.3.2.2 miR-128-1; 2.3.2.3 miR-185.
2.4 LncRNAs and Cholesterol Metabolism2.4.1 LeXis; 2.4.2 Lnc-HC and ApoA1-AS; 2.4.3 LncLSTR; 2.5 Concluding Remarks; References; 3: MicroRNAs in Diabetes and Its Vascular Complications; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 MicroRNAs in Diabetes Mellitus; 3.2.1 Pancreas; 3.2.2 Adipose Tissue; 3.2.3 Muscle; 3.2.4 Liver; 3.3 MicroRNAs Modulating the Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Bone Marrow and on Stem and Progenitor Cells; 3.4 MicroRNAs in Diabetic Cardiovascular Complications; 3.4.1 Microvascular Complications; 3.4.1.1 Nephropathy; 3.4.1.2 Retinopathy; 3.4.1.3 Neuropathy.
3.4.2 Cardiac Disease3.4.3 Peripheral Vascular Disease; 3.5 MicroRNA as Circulating Biomarkers of Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease; 3.6 Concluding Remarks; References; 4: Noncoding RNAs in Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease and Repair Mechanisms; 4.1 Targeting miRNAs to Enhance Cell-Based Therapies; 4.2 Targeting miRNAs to Induce a Cardiac Phenotype in Pluripotent Stem Cells; 4.3 Targeting miRNAs to Facilitate Cardiac Regenerative Pathways; 4.4 MiRNAs in the Development and Progression of Heart Failure; 4.5 Long Noncoding RNAs in Cardiovascular Disease; References.
5: Circulating microRNAs as Novel Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease: Basic and Technical Principles5.1 Introduction; 5.2 MicroRNA Biogenesis and Function; 5.3 Circulating miRNAs; 5.3.1 miRNAs in Vesicles; 5.3.1.1 Apoptotic Bodies; 5.3.1.2 Microparticles; 5.3.1.3 Exosomes; 5.3.2 miRNAs in Protein Complexes; 5.3.3 miRNAs in Lipoprotein Complexes; 5.4 Quantification of Circulating miRNAs; 5.4.1 Sample Preparation; 5.4.1.1 Sample Processing and Handling; 5.4.1.2 RNA Isolation; 5.4.2 Data Normalisation; 5.4.3 Comprehensive Profiling of Circulating miRNAs.
2: Noncoding RNAs in Cholesterol Metabolism and Atherosclerosis2.1 Introduction; 2.2 miRNAs Regulating HDL-C Metabolism and Reverse Cholesterol Transport; 2.2.1 miR-33a/miR-33b; 2.2.2 miR-33a/miR-33b and Atherosclerosis; 2.3 miRNAs and LDL-C Metabolism; 2.3.1 miRNAs That Regulate Cholesterol Biosynthesis and VLDL Secretion; 2.3.1.1 miR-122; 2.3.1.2 miR-30c in Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis; 2.3.1.3 miR-33a/miR-33b; 2.3.1.4 miR-96/miR-182/miR-183; 2.3.2 miRNAs That Regulate LDLR Expression and LDL-C Clearance; 2.3.2.1 miR-148a; 2.3.2.2 miR-128-1; 2.3.2.3 miR-185.
2.4 LncRNAs and Cholesterol Metabolism2.4.1 LeXis; 2.4.2 Lnc-HC and ApoA1-AS; 2.4.3 LncLSTR; 2.5 Concluding Remarks; References; 3: MicroRNAs in Diabetes and Its Vascular Complications; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 MicroRNAs in Diabetes Mellitus; 3.2.1 Pancreas; 3.2.2 Adipose Tissue; 3.2.3 Muscle; 3.2.4 Liver; 3.3 MicroRNAs Modulating the Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Bone Marrow and on Stem and Progenitor Cells; 3.4 MicroRNAs in Diabetic Cardiovascular Complications; 3.4.1 Microvascular Complications; 3.4.1.1 Nephropathy; 3.4.1.2 Retinopathy; 3.4.1.3 Neuropathy.
3.4.2 Cardiac Disease3.4.3 Peripheral Vascular Disease; 3.5 MicroRNA as Circulating Biomarkers of Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease; 3.6 Concluding Remarks; References; 4: Noncoding RNAs in Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease and Repair Mechanisms; 4.1 Targeting miRNAs to Enhance Cell-Based Therapies; 4.2 Targeting miRNAs to Induce a Cardiac Phenotype in Pluripotent Stem Cells; 4.3 Targeting miRNAs to Facilitate Cardiac Regenerative Pathways; 4.4 MiRNAs in the Development and Progression of Heart Failure; 4.5 Long Noncoding RNAs in Cardiovascular Disease; References.
5: Circulating microRNAs as Novel Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease: Basic and Technical Principles5.1 Introduction; 5.2 MicroRNA Biogenesis and Function; 5.3 Circulating miRNAs; 5.3.1 miRNAs in Vesicles; 5.3.1.1 Apoptotic Bodies; 5.3.1.2 Microparticles; 5.3.1.3 Exosomes; 5.3.2 miRNAs in Protein Complexes; 5.3.3 miRNAs in Lipoprotein Complexes; 5.4 Quantification of Circulating miRNAs; 5.4.1 Sample Preparation; 5.4.1.1 Sample Processing and Handling; 5.4.1.2 RNA Isolation; 5.4.2 Data Normalisation; 5.4.3 Comprehensive Profiling of Circulating miRNAs.