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About the Editor; 1 Rubber Based Bionanocomposites: Preparation and State of Art; Abstract; 1.1 Cellulose Based Rubber Nanocomposites; 1.2 Chitin Based Rubber Nanocomposites; 1.3 Applications of Chitin Based Rubber Nanocomposites; 1.4 Chitin in Rubber Based Blends and Micro Composites; 1.5 Starch in Rubber Based Blends and Micro Composites; 1.6 Polylactic Acid Based Rubber Composites and Nanocomposites; 1.7 Applications of Rubber Based Biocomposites and Bionanocomposites; 1.8 Vinyl Ester (BisGMA)/SEBS/f-MWCNTs Based Nanocomposites: Preparation and Applications
1.9 Starch Based Rubber NanocompositesReferences; 2 Cellulose Based Rubber Nanocomposites; Abstract; 2.1 General Introduction; 2.2 Cellulose; 2.2.1 Structure and Properties; 2.2.2 Preparation of Cellulose Nanofibers; 2.2.3 Preparation of Cellulose Whiskers; 2.2.4 Characterization of Cellulose Nanowhiskers; 2.2.5 Nanocomposites of Cellulose Nanowhiskers; 2.2.6 Manufacturing Techniques of Nanocellulose Based Composites; 2.2.6.1 Casting-Evaporation Processing; 2.2.6.2 Sol-Gel Processing [81, 82]; 2.2.6.3 Melt Compounding Processing [83]; 2.2.6.4 Electrostatic Fiber Spinning (Electrospinning)
2.2.6.5 Layer-by-Layer (LBL) Electrostatic Assembly2.2.6.6 Bottom-up Manufacture of Bacterial Cellulose Nanocomposites; 2.2.7 Applications of Cellulose Based Blends, Composites and Nanocomposites; References; 3 Chitin Based Rubber Nanocomposites; Abstract; 3.1 Introduction; 3.1.1 Chitin; 3.1.2 Structure of Chitin; 3.1.3 Synthesis of Chitin Nanowhiskers; 3.1.4 Chemical Modification of Chitin Whiskers; 3.1.5 Nanocomposites; 3.2 Chitin Nanowhiskers/Rubber Nanocomposites: Method of Preparation; 3.2.1 Casting and Evaporating Technique; 3.2.2 Non-aqueous Solvent Dispersion Technique
3.2.3 Freeze-Drying and Hot-Pressing Technique3.2.4 Dry Mixing Process; 3.3 Chitin Nanowhiskers/Rubber Nanocomposites; 3.3.1 Mechanical Properties; 3.3.2 Morphological Study; 3.3.3 Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA); 3.3.4 Swelling Behavior; 3.3.5 Thermal Properties; 3.4 Summary and Future Challenges; References; 4 Applications of Chitin Based Rubber Nanocomposites; Abstract; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Structure and Properties of Chitin; 4.3 Chitin Nanowhiskers (ChNWs); 4.4 Extraction of Chitin Nanowhiskers (ChNW); 4.5 Characterization of Chitin Nanowhiskers
4.6 Chitin Nanowhiskers Based Nanocomposites and Blends4.7 Processing Methods of Chitin Nanowhiskers Based Nanocomposites; 4.7.1 Casting and Evaporating Technique; 4.7.2 Freeze-Drying and Hot-Pressing Technique; 4.7.3 Polymer Grafting; 4.7.4 Non-aqueous Solvent Dispersion Technique; 4.7.5 Electrospinning; 4.8 Characterization of Chitin Nanowhiskers Based Nanocomposites and Blends; 4.9 Properties of Chitin Nanowhsikers Based Nanocomposites; 4.9.1 Mechanical Properties; 4.9.2 Swelling Behavior; 4.9.3 Thermal Properties; 4.10 Applications of Chitin Nanowhiskers Based Nanocomposites and Blends
1.9 Starch Based Rubber NanocompositesReferences; 2 Cellulose Based Rubber Nanocomposites; Abstract; 2.1 General Introduction; 2.2 Cellulose; 2.2.1 Structure and Properties; 2.2.2 Preparation of Cellulose Nanofibers; 2.2.3 Preparation of Cellulose Whiskers; 2.2.4 Characterization of Cellulose Nanowhiskers; 2.2.5 Nanocomposites of Cellulose Nanowhiskers; 2.2.6 Manufacturing Techniques of Nanocellulose Based Composites; 2.2.6.1 Casting-Evaporation Processing; 2.2.6.2 Sol-Gel Processing [81, 82]; 2.2.6.3 Melt Compounding Processing [83]; 2.2.6.4 Electrostatic Fiber Spinning (Electrospinning)
2.2.6.5 Layer-by-Layer (LBL) Electrostatic Assembly2.2.6.6 Bottom-up Manufacture of Bacterial Cellulose Nanocomposites; 2.2.7 Applications of Cellulose Based Blends, Composites and Nanocomposites; References; 3 Chitin Based Rubber Nanocomposites; Abstract; 3.1 Introduction; 3.1.1 Chitin; 3.1.2 Structure of Chitin; 3.1.3 Synthesis of Chitin Nanowhiskers; 3.1.4 Chemical Modification of Chitin Whiskers; 3.1.5 Nanocomposites; 3.2 Chitin Nanowhiskers/Rubber Nanocomposites: Method of Preparation; 3.2.1 Casting and Evaporating Technique; 3.2.2 Non-aqueous Solvent Dispersion Technique
3.2.3 Freeze-Drying and Hot-Pressing Technique3.2.4 Dry Mixing Process; 3.3 Chitin Nanowhiskers/Rubber Nanocomposites; 3.3.1 Mechanical Properties; 3.3.2 Morphological Study; 3.3.3 Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA); 3.3.4 Swelling Behavior; 3.3.5 Thermal Properties; 3.4 Summary and Future Challenges; References; 4 Applications of Chitin Based Rubber Nanocomposites; Abstract; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Structure and Properties of Chitin; 4.3 Chitin Nanowhiskers (ChNWs); 4.4 Extraction of Chitin Nanowhiskers (ChNW); 4.5 Characterization of Chitin Nanowhiskers
4.6 Chitin Nanowhiskers Based Nanocomposites and Blends4.7 Processing Methods of Chitin Nanowhiskers Based Nanocomposites; 4.7.1 Casting and Evaporating Technique; 4.7.2 Freeze-Drying and Hot-Pressing Technique; 4.7.3 Polymer Grafting; 4.7.4 Non-aqueous Solvent Dispersion Technique; 4.7.5 Electrospinning; 4.8 Characterization of Chitin Nanowhiskers Based Nanocomposites and Blends; 4.9 Properties of Chitin Nanowhsikers Based Nanocomposites; 4.9.1 Mechanical Properties; 4.9.2 Swelling Behavior; 4.9.3 Thermal Properties; 4.10 Applications of Chitin Nanowhiskers Based Nanocomposites and Blends