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Table of Contents
Acknowledgements; Contents; List of Figures; List of Tables; List of Abbreviations; 1 Introduction; State of the Art; Types of Electoral Regimes in the Third Wave of Democratization; Party System Responsiveness: A Yardstick for the Quality of Democracy; Two Sides of the Same Coin: Party System Institutionalization and Responsiveness; Plan of the Study; Instructions for Selective Reading; Notes; References; 2 The Conceptualization of Opposition Competitiveness and Its Significance for Dominant Party System Responsiveness; Dominant Party Systems and Responsiveness.
Measuring Opposition Competitiveness in African Dominant Party SystemsIdentifying Dominant Party Systems; The Measurement of Opposition Competitiveness in Dominant Party Systems; Quantitative Case Selection and Data for African Party Systems (for Chaps. 2 and 3); Descriptives of the Opposition Competitiveness Index and Its Measures; The Empirical Relevance of the Concept of Opposition Competitiveness for the Quality of Democracy in African Dominant Party Systems; Measuring the Quality of Democracy in a Quantitative Setting; Other Determinants of the Quality of Democracy.
Operationalization of the Other DeterminantsDescriptives and Methods; Results; Conclusion; Notes; References; 3 Explanations for Different Opposition Competitiveness Degrees in African Dominant Party Systems; Legacies of Cleavages and Contemporary Dominant Party Systems; The First Critical Juncture: Formation of a Center-Periphery Cleavage; Second Critical Juncture: Establishment or Suppression of Center-Periphery Cleavage; Alternative Hypotheses; Clientelistic Mobilization and Opposition Competitiveness; Incentives for Clientelistic Mobilization Strategies.
Other Determinants of Opposition CompetitivenessExplaining Opposition Competitiveness Degrees; Operationalization and Data; Descriptive Statistics and Methods; Results; Conclusion; Notes; References; 4 Comparative Historical Explanation of Contemporary Opposition Competitiveness Degrees in Four Crucial Cases; Small-N Case Selection (for Both Chaps. 4 and 5) and Ceteris Paribus Assumptions; Case Selection; Ceteris Paribus Assumptions and Potentially Confounding Variables; Summary of the Small-N Case Selection; Operationalization, Data and Methods for Comparative Historical Analysis.
OperationalizationMethod; Data Sources; Pre-analysis: Historic Modernization Levels Do Not Drive Subsequent Party System Development; Analysis; Pre- and Post-independence Party Competition Based on Center-Periphery Cleavage Before the Second Critical Juncture; Botswana; Lesotho; Ghana; Mali; First Comparison; Blurring and Suppression of the Center-Periphery Cleavage During the Authoritarian Phase in Lesotho and Mali; Lesotho; Mali; Renaissances of Pre-third Wave Party Competition and Authoritarian Backlashes in Ghana.
Measuring Opposition Competitiveness in African Dominant Party SystemsIdentifying Dominant Party Systems; The Measurement of Opposition Competitiveness in Dominant Party Systems; Quantitative Case Selection and Data for African Party Systems (for Chaps. 2 and 3); Descriptives of the Opposition Competitiveness Index and Its Measures; The Empirical Relevance of the Concept of Opposition Competitiveness for the Quality of Democracy in African Dominant Party Systems; Measuring the Quality of Democracy in a Quantitative Setting; Other Determinants of the Quality of Democracy.
Operationalization of the Other DeterminantsDescriptives and Methods; Results; Conclusion; Notes; References; 3 Explanations for Different Opposition Competitiveness Degrees in African Dominant Party Systems; Legacies of Cleavages and Contemporary Dominant Party Systems; The First Critical Juncture: Formation of a Center-Periphery Cleavage; Second Critical Juncture: Establishment or Suppression of Center-Periphery Cleavage; Alternative Hypotheses; Clientelistic Mobilization and Opposition Competitiveness; Incentives for Clientelistic Mobilization Strategies.
Other Determinants of Opposition CompetitivenessExplaining Opposition Competitiveness Degrees; Operationalization and Data; Descriptive Statistics and Methods; Results; Conclusion; Notes; References; 4 Comparative Historical Explanation of Contemporary Opposition Competitiveness Degrees in Four Crucial Cases; Small-N Case Selection (for Both Chaps. 4 and 5) and Ceteris Paribus Assumptions; Case Selection; Ceteris Paribus Assumptions and Potentially Confounding Variables; Summary of the Small-N Case Selection; Operationalization, Data and Methods for Comparative Historical Analysis.
OperationalizationMethod; Data Sources; Pre-analysis: Historic Modernization Levels Do Not Drive Subsequent Party System Development; Analysis; Pre- and Post-independence Party Competition Based on Center-Periphery Cleavage Before the Second Critical Juncture; Botswana; Lesotho; Ghana; Mali; First Comparison; Blurring and Suppression of the Center-Periphery Cleavage During the Authoritarian Phase in Lesotho and Mali; Lesotho; Mali; Renaissances of Pre-third Wave Party Competition and Authoritarian Backlashes in Ghana.