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Preface; Acknowledgements; Contents; Editors and Contributors; 1 Organic-Inorganic Membranes Impregnated with Ionic Liquid; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Ionic Liquids: General Properties and Applications; 3 Ionic Liquids as Electrolytes in Fuel Cells; 4 Ionic Liquid Polymer Membranes for Fuel Cells; 4.1 Ionic Liquid/Polymer Membranes; 4.2 Polymerized Ionic Liquid Membranes; 4.3 IL Gel and Composite Polymer Membranes; 5 Conclusions; Acknowledgements; References; 2 Organic/TiO2 Nanocomposite Membranes: Recent Developments; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 TiO2-Polymer Electrolyte Membranes (PEMs).
2.1 Perfluorinated Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolyte Membranes (PEMs)2.2 Acid-Base Polymer Complex-Based Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite PEMs; 2.3 TiO2-Modified Polytetrafluoroethylene Membranes; 2.4 Poly(ether ether ketone)-Based Nanocomposite PEMs; 2.5 PANI Based Membranes; 2.6 PES Based Membranes; 2.7 Polysulfone-Based Membranes; 2.8 TiO2 Solar Cells; 2.9 Carbon Materials and Metal-Carbon Nanotube (CNTs)-TiO2 Composites; 2.9.1 Carbon-TiO2 Composites; 2.9.2 Graphene (GN)-TiO2 Composites; 3 Conclusions; Acknowledgements; References; 3 Organic/Silica Nanocomposite Membranes.
Abstract1 Introduction; 2 Silica Nanoparticle-Based Membranes; 3 Conclusion; References; 4 Organic/Zeolites Nanocomposite Membranes; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Basic Concepts About Zeolites; 3 Polymer-Zeolite Composite Membranes: The Role of the Zeolite; 3.1 Influence of Si/Al Ratio; 3.2 Proton Mobility in Zeolites; 3.3 Internal and External Surface Area; 3.4 Configurational Diffusion; 3.5 Crystallite Size [17, 18]; 3.6 Functionalization of Zeolite Surface; 3.7 Selectivity, Proton Conductivity, and Permeability; 4 Techniques for Producing Organic/Zeolite Nanocomposite Membranes.
5 Synthetic Polymers/Zeolite Nanocomposite Membranes for PEMFCs5.1 Route 1: Zeolite + Organic Monomers; 5.2 Route 3: Inorganic Precursor + Organic Polymer; 5.3 Route 4: Zeolite + Organic Polymer; 6 Natural Polymers/Zeolite Nanocomposite Membranes for PEMFCs; 7 Conclusions; Acknowledgements; References; 5 Composite Membranes Based on Heteropolyacids and Their Applications in Fuel Cells; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Heteropolyacids Types and Structures; 3 HPAs and Proton Transport in Fuel Cells; 4 HPAs in PEM Fuel Cell; 5 HPAs in High-Temperature and Low-Humidity PEMFC; 6 HPAs in DMFC.
7 Concluding Remarks and Future PerspectivesAcknowledgements; References; 6 Organic/Montmorillonite Nanocomposite Membranes; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Membrane Fabrication Methods; 2.1 Phase Inversion; 2.2 Immersion Precipitation; 2.3 Evaporation-Induced Phase Separation; 3 Montmorillonite-Based Nanocomposites Membranes; 4 Conclusion; References; 7 Electrospun Nanocomposite Materials for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Methanol Fuel Cells; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Methanol Crossover and Low Proton Conductivity; 3 Composite SPEEK; 4 SPEEK-Clay Nanocomposite as PEM for DMFC.
2.1 Perfluorinated Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolyte Membranes (PEMs)2.2 Acid-Base Polymer Complex-Based Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite PEMs; 2.3 TiO2-Modified Polytetrafluoroethylene Membranes; 2.4 Poly(ether ether ketone)-Based Nanocomposite PEMs; 2.5 PANI Based Membranes; 2.6 PES Based Membranes; 2.7 Polysulfone-Based Membranes; 2.8 TiO2 Solar Cells; 2.9 Carbon Materials and Metal-Carbon Nanotube (CNTs)-TiO2 Composites; 2.9.1 Carbon-TiO2 Composites; 2.9.2 Graphene (GN)-TiO2 Composites; 3 Conclusions; Acknowledgements; References; 3 Organic/Silica Nanocomposite Membranes.
Abstract1 Introduction; 2 Silica Nanoparticle-Based Membranes; 3 Conclusion; References; 4 Organic/Zeolites Nanocomposite Membranes; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Basic Concepts About Zeolites; 3 Polymer-Zeolite Composite Membranes: The Role of the Zeolite; 3.1 Influence of Si/Al Ratio; 3.2 Proton Mobility in Zeolites; 3.3 Internal and External Surface Area; 3.4 Configurational Diffusion; 3.5 Crystallite Size [17, 18]; 3.6 Functionalization of Zeolite Surface; 3.7 Selectivity, Proton Conductivity, and Permeability; 4 Techniques for Producing Organic/Zeolite Nanocomposite Membranes.
5 Synthetic Polymers/Zeolite Nanocomposite Membranes for PEMFCs5.1 Route 1: Zeolite + Organic Monomers; 5.2 Route 3: Inorganic Precursor + Organic Polymer; 5.3 Route 4: Zeolite + Organic Polymer; 6 Natural Polymers/Zeolite Nanocomposite Membranes for PEMFCs; 7 Conclusions; Acknowledgements; References; 5 Composite Membranes Based on Heteropolyacids and Their Applications in Fuel Cells; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Heteropolyacids Types and Structures; 3 HPAs and Proton Transport in Fuel Cells; 4 HPAs in PEM Fuel Cell; 5 HPAs in High-Temperature and Low-Humidity PEMFC; 6 HPAs in DMFC.
7 Concluding Remarks and Future PerspectivesAcknowledgements; References; 6 Organic/Montmorillonite Nanocomposite Membranes; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Membrane Fabrication Methods; 2.1 Phase Inversion; 2.2 Immersion Precipitation; 2.3 Evaporation-Induced Phase Separation; 3 Montmorillonite-Based Nanocomposites Membranes; 4 Conclusion; References; 7 Electrospun Nanocomposite Materials for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Methanol Fuel Cells; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Methanol Crossover and Low Proton Conductivity; 3 Composite SPEEK; 4 SPEEK-Clay Nanocomposite as PEM for DMFC.