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Table of Contents
Acknowledgments; Contents; 1: Statistical Tools for Program Evaluation: Introduction and Overview; 1.1 The Challenge of Program Evaluation; 1.2 Identifying the Context of the Program; 1.3 Ex ante Evaluation Methods; 1.4 Ex post Evaluation; 1.5 How to Use the Book?; Bibliography; Part I: Identifying the Context of the Program; 2: Sampling and Construction of Variables; 2.1 A Step Not to Be Taken Lightly; 2.2 Choice of Sample; 2.3 Conception of the Questionnaire; 2.4 Data Collection; 2.5 Coding of Variables; Bibliography; 3: Descriptive Statistics and Interval Estimation.
3.1 Types of Variables and Methods3.2 Tabular Displays; 3.3 Graphical Representations; 3.4 Measures of Central Tendency and Variability; 3.5 Describing the Shape of Distributions; 3.6 Computing Confidence Intervals; References; 4: Measuring and Visualizing Associations; 4.1 Identifying Relationships Between Variables; 4.2 Testing for Correlation; 4.3 Chi-Square Test of Independence; 4.4 Tests of Difference Between Means; 4.5 Principal Component Analysis; 4.6 Multiple Correspondence Analysis; References; 5: Econometric Analysis; 5.1 Understanding the Basic Regression Model.
5.2 Multiple Regression Analysis5.3 Assumptions Underlying the Method of OLS; 5.4 Choice of Relevant Variables; 5.5 Functional Forms of Regression Models; 5.6 Detection and Correction of Estimation Biases; 5.7 Model Selection and Analysis of Regression Results; 5.8 Models for Binary Outcomes; References; 6: Estimation of Welfare Changes; 6.1 Valuing the Consequences of a Project; 6.2 Contingent Valuation; 6.3 Discrete Choice Experiment; 6.4 Hedonic Pricing; 6.5 Travel Cost Method; 6.6 Health-Related Quality of Life; References; Part II: Ex ante Evaluation; 7: Financial Appraisal.
7.1 Methodology of Financial Appraisal7.2 Time Value of Money; 7.3 Cash Flows and Sustainability; 7.4 Profitability Analysis; 7.5 Real Versus Nominal Values; 7.6 Ranking Investment Strategies; 7.7 Sensitivity Analysis; References; 8: Budget Impact Analysis; 8.1 Introducing a New Intervention Amongst Existing Ones; 8.2 Analytical Framework; 8.3 Budget Impact in a Multiple-Supply Setting; 8.4 Example; 8.5 Sensitivity Analysis with Visual Basic; References; 9: Cost Benefit Analysis; 9.1 Rationale for Cost Benefit Analysis; 9.2 Conceptual Foundations; 9.3 Discount of Benefits and Costs.
9.4 Accounting for Market Distortions9.5 Deterministic Sensitivity Analysis; 9.6 Probabilistic Sensitivity Analysis; 9.7 Mean-Variance Analysis; Bibliography; 10: Cost Effectiveness Analysis; 10.1 Appraisal of Projects with Non-monetary Outcomes; 10.2 Cost Effectiveness Indicators; 10.3 The Efficiency Frontier Approach; 10.4 Decision Analytic Modeling; 10.5 Numerical Implementation in R-CRAN; 10.6 Extension to QALYs; 10.7 Uncertainty and Probabilistic Sensitivity Analysis; 10.8 Analyzing Simulation Outputs; References; 11: Multi-criteria Decision Analysis; 11.1 Key Concepts and Steps.
3.1 Types of Variables and Methods3.2 Tabular Displays; 3.3 Graphical Representations; 3.4 Measures of Central Tendency and Variability; 3.5 Describing the Shape of Distributions; 3.6 Computing Confidence Intervals; References; 4: Measuring and Visualizing Associations; 4.1 Identifying Relationships Between Variables; 4.2 Testing for Correlation; 4.3 Chi-Square Test of Independence; 4.4 Tests of Difference Between Means; 4.5 Principal Component Analysis; 4.6 Multiple Correspondence Analysis; References; 5: Econometric Analysis; 5.1 Understanding the Basic Regression Model.
5.2 Multiple Regression Analysis5.3 Assumptions Underlying the Method of OLS; 5.4 Choice of Relevant Variables; 5.5 Functional Forms of Regression Models; 5.6 Detection and Correction of Estimation Biases; 5.7 Model Selection and Analysis of Regression Results; 5.8 Models for Binary Outcomes; References; 6: Estimation of Welfare Changes; 6.1 Valuing the Consequences of a Project; 6.2 Contingent Valuation; 6.3 Discrete Choice Experiment; 6.4 Hedonic Pricing; 6.5 Travel Cost Method; 6.6 Health-Related Quality of Life; References; Part II: Ex ante Evaluation; 7: Financial Appraisal.
7.1 Methodology of Financial Appraisal7.2 Time Value of Money; 7.3 Cash Flows and Sustainability; 7.4 Profitability Analysis; 7.5 Real Versus Nominal Values; 7.6 Ranking Investment Strategies; 7.7 Sensitivity Analysis; References; 8: Budget Impact Analysis; 8.1 Introducing a New Intervention Amongst Existing Ones; 8.2 Analytical Framework; 8.3 Budget Impact in a Multiple-Supply Setting; 8.4 Example; 8.5 Sensitivity Analysis with Visual Basic; References; 9: Cost Benefit Analysis; 9.1 Rationale for Cost Benefit Analysis; 9.2 Conceptual Foundations; 9.3 Discount of Benefits and Costs.
9.4 Accounting for Market Distortions9.5 Deterministic Sensitivity Analysis; 9.6 Probabilistic Sensitivity Analysis; 9.7 Mean-Variance Analysis; Bibliography; 10: Cost Effectiveness Analysis; 10.1 Appraisal of Projects with Non-monetary Outcomes; 10.2 Cost Effectiveness Indicators; 10.3 The Efficiency Frontier Approach; 10.4 Decision Analytic Modeling; 10.5 Numerical Implementation in R-CRAN; 10.6 Extension to QALYs; 10.7 Uncertainty and Probabilistic Sensitivity Analysis; 10.8 Analyzing Simulation Outputs; References; 11: Multi-criteria Decision Analysis; 11.1 Key Concepts and Steps.