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Dedication; Preface; Contents; Part I: System Aspects of Intra Data Center Networking; Chapter 1: Photonics in Data Centers; 1.1 Introduction: Recent Trends and Future Challenges of Data Centers and Cloud Computing; 1.2 New Directions for Data Centers with Embedded Photonics; 1.3 Arrival of Embedded Photonics, Silicon Photonics, and Heterogeneous 2.5D and 3D Integration; 1.4 OE-PCBs and OE-Backplanes; 1.4.1 High-Radix Optical Switches; 1.5 Software-Defined Elasticity in Data Centers and Clients; 1.6 Summary; References
Chapter 2: Optical Switching in Datacenters: Architectures Based on Optical Circuit Switching2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Optical Circuit Switching in Datacenter Networks; 2.3 Agile Optical Datacenter Network Architecture; 2.4 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Optical Switching in Data Centers: Architectures Based on Optical Packet/Burst Switching; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Data Center Networks: Requirements and Challenges; 3.3 Optical Data Center Networks; 3.4 Optical Packet and Burst Switching Technologies; 3.4.1 Technical Challenges in OPS/OBS Data Centers
3.5 Optical DCN Architecture Based on OPS/OBS3.5.1 Based on OBS; 3.5.1.1 OBS with Fast Optical Switches; 3.5.1.2 Optical Burst Rings; 3.5.1.3 HOS Architecture; 3.5.1.4 HOSA Architecture; 3.5.1.5 Torus-Topology DCN; 3.5.1.6 LIGHTNESS DCN Architecture; 3.5.2 Based on OPS; 3.5.2.1 IRIS Project: Photonic Terabit Routers; 3.5.2.2 Petabit Optical Switch; 3.5.2.3 Hi-LION; 3.5.2.4 OSMOSIS Optical Packet Switch; 3.5.2.5 Data Vortex; 3.6 OPSquare DCN Based on Flow-Controlled Fast Optical Switches; 3.6.1 Performance Investigation; 3.7 Conclusions and Discussions; References
Part II: Demonstrations of Optical Switching in Data CenterChapter 4: OSA: An Optical Switching Architecture for Data Center Networks with Unprecedented Flexibility; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Motivation and Background; 4.2.1 A Motivating Example; 4.2.2 Optical Networking Technologies; 4.3 OSA Network Architecture; 4.3.1 Building Blocks; 4.3.2 Putting It All Together: OSA-2560; 4.4 Network Optimization; 4.4.1 Problem Formulation; 4.4.2 Solution; 4.5 Implementation; 4.5.1 Test-bed Setup; 4.5.2 Understanding the Optical Devices; 4.5.3 Understanding the O-E-O Conversion; 4.5.4 OSA System Performance
4.6 Discussion and ConclusionReferences; Chapter 5: The Hi-Ring Architecture for Data Center Networks; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The Hi-Ring Architecture and Multidimensional Switching; 5.3 Optical Subwavelength Switching and Synchronization; 5.4 On-Chip Integration Using Silicon Photonics; 5.5 Perspectives and Research Directions; References; Chapter 6: Low-Latency Interconnect Optical Network Switch (LIONS); 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Active LIONS Demonstrations; 6.3 LIONS-LB Testbed Demonstration; 6.4 All-Optical TOKEN/TONAK Demonstrator; 6.5 Passive LIONS Demonstrations
Chapter 2: Optical Switching in Datacenters: Architectures Based on Optical Circuit Switching2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Optical Circuit Switching in Datacenter Networks; 2.3 Agile Optical Datacenter Network Architecture; 2.4 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Optical Switching in Data Centers: Architectures Based on Optical Packet/Burst Switching; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Data Center Networks: Requirements and Challenges; 3.3 Optical Data Center Networks; 3.4 Optical Packet and Burst Switching Technologies; 3.4.1 Technical Challenges in OPS/OBS Data Centers
3.5 Optical DCN Architecture Based on OPS/OBS3.5.1 Based on OBS; 3.5.1.1 OBS with Fast Optical Switches; 3.5.1.2 Optical Burst Rings; 3.5.1.3 HOS Architecture; 3.5.1.4 HOSA Architecture; 3.5.1.5 Torus-Topology DCN; 3.5.1.6 LIGHTNESS DCN Architecture; 3.5.2 Based on OPS; 3.5.2.1 IRIS Project: Photonic Terabit Routers; 3.5.2.2 Petabit Optical Switch; 3.5.2.3 Hi-LION; 3.5.2.4 OSMOSIS Optical Packet Switch; 3.5.2.5 Data Vortex; 3.6 OPSquare DCN Based on Flow-Controlled Fast Optical Switches; 3.6.1 Performance Investigation; 3.7 Conclusions and Discussions; References
Part II: Demonstrations of Optical Switching in Data CenterChapter 4: OSA: An Optical Switching Architecture for Data Center Networks with Unprecedented Flexibility; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Motivation and Background; 4.2.1 A Motivating Example; 4.2.2 Optical Networking Technologies; 4.3 OSA Network Architecture; 4.3.1 Building Blocks; 4.3.2 Putting It All Together: OSA-2560; 4.4 Network Optimization; 4.4.1 Problem Formulation; 4.4.2 Solution; 4.5 Implementation; 4.5.1 Test-bed Setup; 4.5.2 Understanding the Optical Devices; 4.5.3 Understanding the O-E-O Conversion; 4.5.4 OSA System Performance
4.6 Discussion and ConclusionReferences; Chapter 5: The Hi-Ring Architecture for Data Center Networks; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The Hi-Ring Architecture and Multidimensional Switching; 5.3 Optical Subwavelength Switching and Synchronization; 5.4 On-Chip Integration Using Silicon Photonics; 5.5 Perspectives and Research Directions; References; Chapter 6: Low-Latency Interconnect Optical Network Switch (LIONS); 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Active LIONS Demonstrations; 6.3 LIONS-LB Testbed Demonstration; 6.4 All-Optical TOKEN/TONAK Demonstrator; 6.5 Passive LIONS Demonstrations