Intro; Preface; Contents; Contributors; 1 General Introduction and Scientific Summary of the German Priority Program ``PlanetMag''; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Planetary Interiors and Dynamos; 1.3 Modeling of the Geomagnetic Field; 1.4 Interaction of Planetary Magnetic Fields with the Plasma Environment; 1.5 Characterizing Ancient Magnetised Rocks and Meteorites Including Laboratory Investigations; 1.6 Concluding Remarks; Reference; 2 Modeling the Interior Dynamics of Gas Planets; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Interior Structure and Properties of Jupiter and Saturn

2.2.1 Material Properties from Density Functional Theory and Molecular Dynamics2.2.2 Properties of Hydrogenâ#x80;#x93;Helium Mixtures at Conditions in the Interior of Jupiter and Saturn; 2.2.3 Standard Interior Models; 2.2.4 Thermal Evolution and H/He Phase Separation; 2.3 Magneto-Hydrodynamic Equations and Numerics; 2.3.1 Fundamental Dynamic Equations; 2.3.2 Adiabatic Background State; 2.3.3 Anelastic Approximation; 2.3.4 Nondimensional Equations; 2.3.5 Boundary Conditions; 2.3.6 Specifying Background State and Parameters; 2.3.7 Numerical Methods; 2.4 Convective Flows and Zonal Jets

2.4.1 Taylorâ#x80;#x93;Proudman Theorem in a Compressible Fluid2.4.2 The β-Effect in a Compressible Fluid; 2.4.3 Onset of Convection; 2.4.4 Non-axisymmetric Flow Close to Onset and Beyond; 2.4.5 Zonal Flow Generation in the Weakly Nonlinear Regime; 2.4.6 Zonal Flow Generation in the Nonlinear Regime of Rapidly Rotating Convection; 2.4.7 Two-Dimensional Studies of Zonal Wind Generation: The Multiple Jet Regime; 2.4.8 Multiple Jets in the Case of Thin Spherical Shells; 2.4.9 The Transition from Prograde to Retrograde Zonal Flows; 2.5 Dynamo Simulations

2.5.1 Stress-Free Boundaries and Density Stratification2.5.2 Electrical Conductivity Profile; 2.5.3 Parameter Dependence; 2.5.4 Toward Jupiter-Like Models; 2.5.5 Jupiter's Two Dynamos; 2.6 Conclusion; References; 3 Global Geomagnetic Field Reconstructions from Centuries to Excursions; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The GEOMAGIA50 Database, Application Examples, and New Holocene Data; 3.2.1 Version 3 of the GEOMAGIA50 Database; 3.2.2 Updating Age-Depth Models from Sediment Cores and Reconstructing Sediment Paleomagnetic Time Series; 3.2.3 Historical Observations and Young Archeomagnetic Data

3.2.4 Southern Hemisphere and the South Atlantic Anomaly Region3.2.5 Geomagnetic High-Intensity Spikes; 3.3 Global Holocene Field Reconstructions; 3.3.1 New Millennial Scale Geomagnetic Field Models; 3.3.2 A Brief Comparison of Models; 3.4 A Global View on Geomagnetic Field Excursions; 3.4.1 Recently Published Data Spanning the Time of the Laschamp Excursion; 3.4.2 A Simple Simulation of Excursions Based on a New Holocene Field Model; 3.4.3 Spherical Harmonic Models of the Laschamp and Mono Lake Excursions; 3.5 Conclusions and Outlook; Appendix