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Table of Contents
Intro; Preface; Contents; 1: General Guideline of Ophthalmic Emergency; 1.1 Common Symptoms and Signs in Ophthalmic Emergency; 1.1.1 The Acute Red Eye; 1.1.2 Acute Visual Loss; 1.1.3 Acute Ocular Pain; 1.1.4 Ophthalmic Trauma; 1.2 The Clinical Thinking of Ophthalmic Emergency; 1.3 Key Points of Examination in Ophthalmic Emergency; 1.3.1 History; 1.3.2 Ocular Examinations; 1.3.2.1 Visual Acuity; 1.3.2.2 External Examination; 1.3.2.3 Pupillary Examination; 1.3.2.4 Visual Fields; 1.3.2.5 Ocular Motility; 1.3.2.6 Anterior Segment Examination.
1.3.2.7 Posterior Segment Examination1.3.2.8 Intraocular Pressure; 1.4 Treatment of Ocular Emergencies; 1.4.1 Penetrating Globe Injuries; 1.4.2 Retinal Detachment; 1.4.3 Central Retinal Artery Occlusion; 1.4.4 Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma; 1.4.5 Chemical Burns; References; 2: Emergency Room (ER); 2.1 General Consideration Is Designing Emergency Rooms; 2.2 Instruments, Drugs, and Common Supplies in the Ocular Emergency Rooms; 2.2.1 The Examination Room Should Have the Following Instruments.
2.2.2 The Following Drugs or Consumables Should Be Supplied in the Examination/Consultation Rooms2.2.3 Setting for Ocular Treatment Room; 2.2.4 Setting for Management Systemic Emergency in Eye Hospital; 2.3 Triage; 2.4 First Aid in the Ocular Emergency Rooms; 2.4.1 Chemical Injury; 2.4.2 Open Globe Injury; 2.4.3 Acute Painless Vision Loss; 2.5 Infection Control in Emergency Room; 2.5.1 Hand Hygiene; 2.5.2 Separate Infection Source from the Rest of Departments; 2.5.3 Healthcare Personnel Protection; 2.5.4 Environment Controls; References.
3: Patient Care Process of Ocular Emergency3.1 Ocular Trauma; 3.2 Chemical Burn; 3.3 Common Ocular Emergency; 3.4 Mass Casualty; References; 4: Acute Redness of the Eye; 4.1 Overview; 4.2 Subconjunctival Hemorrhage; 4.2.1 Ocular Manifestations; 4.2.2 Treatment; 4.3 Conjunctivitis; 4.3.1 Bacterial Conjunctivitis; 4.3.1.1 Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis; 4.3.1.2 Hyperacute Bacterial Conjunctivitis; 4.3.1.3 Chronic Bacterial Conjunctivitis; 4.3.2 Adenoviral Conjunctivitis; 4.3.2.1 Follicular Conjunctivitis; 4.3.2.2 Pharyngoconjunctival Fever.
4.3.2.3 Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis4.3.2.4 Acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitis; 4.3.2.5 Herpes Simplex Conjunctivitis; 4.3.2.6 Other Causes; 4.3.3 Chronic Follicular Conjunctivitis; 4.3.3.1 Trachoma; 4.3.4 Adult Inclusion Conjunctivitis; 4.3.5 Neonatal Conjunctivitis (Ophthalmia Neonatorum); 4.3.5.1 Chemical Conjunctivitis; 4.3.5.2 Chlamydial Infections; 4.3.5.3 Neisserial Infections; 4.3.5.4 Other Bacterial Infections; 4.3.5.5 Viral Infections; 4.3.6 Fungal and Parasitic Conjunctivitis; 4.3.6.1 Microsporidial Keratoconjunctivitis; 4.3.6.2 Loiasis.
1.3.2.7 Posterior Segment Examination1.3.2.8 Intraocular Pressure; 1.4 Treatment of Ocular Emergencies; 1.4.1 Penetrating Globe Injuries; 1.4.2 Retinal Detachment; 1.4.3 Central Retinal Artery Occlusion; 1.4.4 Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma; 1.4.5 Chemical Burns; References; 2: Emergency Room (ER); 2.1 General Consideration Is Designing Emergency Rooms; 2.2 Instruments, Drugs, and Common Supplies in the Ocular Emergency Rooms; 2.2.1 The Examination Room Should Have the Following Instruments.
2.2.2 The Following Drugs or Consumables Should Be Supplied in the Examination/Consultation Rooms2.2.3 Setting for Ocular Treatment Room; 2.2.4 Setting for Management Systemic Emergency in Eye Hospital; 2.3 Triage; 2.4 First Aid in the Ocular Emergency Rooms; 2.4.1 Chemical Injury; 2.4.2 Open Globe Injury; 2.4.3 Acute Painless Vision Loss; 2.5 Infection Control in Emergency Room; 2.5.1 Hand Hygiene; 2.5.2 Separate Infection Source from the Rest of Departments; 2.5.3 Healthcare Personnel Protection; 2.5.4 Environment Controls; References.
3: Patient Care Process of Ocular Emergency3.1 Ocular Trauma; 3.2 Chemical Burn; 3.3 Common Ocular Emergency; 3.4 Mass Casualty; References; 4: Acute Redness of the Eye; 4.1 Overview; 4.2 Subconjunctival Hemorrhage; 4.2.1 Ocular Manifestations; 4.2.2 Treatment; 4.3 Conjunctivitis; 4.3.1 Bacterial Conjunctivitis; 4.3.1.1 Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis; 4.3.1.2 Hyperacute Bacterial Conjunctivitis; 4.3.1.3 Chronic Bacterial Conjunctivitis; 4.3.2 Adenoviral Conjunctivitis; 4.3.2.1 Follicular Conjunctivitis; 4.3.2.2 Pharyngoconjunctival Fever.
4.3.2.3 Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis4.3.2.4 Acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitis; 4.3.2.5 Herpes Simplex Conjunctivitis; 4.3.2.6 Other Causes; 4.3.3 Chronic Follicular Conjunctivitis; 4.3.3.1 Trachoma; 4.3.4 Adult Inclusion Conjunctivitis; 4.3.5 Neonatal Conjunctivitis (Ophthalmia Neonatorum); 4.3.5.1 Chemical Conjunctivitis; 4.3.5.2 Chlamydial Infections; 4.3.5.3 Neisserial Infections; 4.3.5.4 Other Bacterial Infections; 4.3.5.5 Viral Infections; 4.3.6 Fungal and Parasitic Conjunctivitis; 4.3.6.1 Microsporidial Keratoconjunctivitis; 4.3.6.2 Loiasis.