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Table of Contents
Intro; Acknowledgments; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction: Enhancing Resilience Against Climate and Ecosystem Changes in Rural Asia; References; Chapter 2: Preliminary Assessment of Rice Production in Coastal Part of Red River Delta Surrounding Xuan Thuy National Park, Vietnam, for Improving Resilience; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Site Description; 2.2.1 Multiple-Scale Survey; 2.2.1.1 Giao Thuy District and Xuan Thuy National Park in Nam Dinh Province; 2.2.1.2 Communes and Fields in Giao Thuy District; 2.2.2 Climate, Geography, and Agriculture; 2.2.3 Seawater Intrusion; 2.3 Survey Methods
2.3.1 Historical Climate Data Analysis2.3.2 Irrigation Management Data Analysis; 2.3.3 Statistical Information; 2.3.4 Questionnaire Survey; 2.3.5 Rice Production Case Analysis; 2.3.6 Group Discussion; 2.4 Results; 2.4.1 Assessment of Vulnerability of Rice Production to Climate Hazards; 2.4.1.1 Climate Data; 2.4.1.1.1 Trend and Variability of Temperature in Giao Thuy in 1961-2010; 2.4.1.1.2 Trend and Variability of Rainfall in Giao Thuy in 1961-2010; 2.4.1.2 Salinity and Pumping Hours at Three Intake Gates in Red River; 2.4.1.2.1 Salinity; 2.4.1.2.2 Pumping Hours
2.4.1.3 Overall Rice Production and Climate Hazards in Giao Thuy District2.4.1.4 Case Studies on Rice Production; 2.4.1.4.1 Salinity Level of Standing Water in Paddy Fields; 2.4.1.4.2 Rice Yield and Management; 2.4.2 Characteristics of Rice Production in Buffer Zone Compared with Outer Zones of Xuan Thuy National Park; 2.4.2.1 Statistical Information on Demography and Land; 2.4.2.2 Questionnaire for Income Structure; 2.4.2.3 Questionnaire for Fertilizer and Pesticide Inputs; 2.5 Discussion; 2.5.1 Indication of Climate Change and Saltwater Intrusion in Red River Delta
2.5.2 Vulnerability of Rice Production2.5.3 Improvement of Resilience of Rice Production; 2.5.4 Characters of Agriculture and Rice Production in Buffer Zone; 2.5.5 Rural Development for Improved Resilience Around Xuan Thuy National Park; 2.5.5.1 Prospects for Buffer Zone: Lower Agrochemical Inputs for Rice and Diversification; 2.5.5.2 Prospects for Outer Zone: Market-Oriented Larger-Scale Rice Production; References; Chapter 3: Farmers ́Behavior for Introducing Livestock to Respond to External Shocks; 3.1 Raising Livestock to Enhance Resilience in Developing Countries
3.2 Overview of Research Area3.3 Risk Behaviors of Farmers; 3.3.1 Theoretical Framework of Risk Behaviors of Farmers; 3.3.2 Measuring Risk Behaviors of Farmers; 3.3.3 Factors of Risk Behaviors of Farmers; 3.4 Factors of Introducing Livestock; 3.5 Summary; References; Chapter 4: Enhancing Resilience to Climate Change and Disasters for Sustainable Development: Case Study of Vietnam Coastal Urban Areas; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Overview of Da Nang City; 4.3 Vulnerability of Da Nang City to Climate Change; 4.3.1 Climate Variability; 4.3.2 Climate-Related Disasters; 4.3.2.1 Typhoons; 4.3.2.2 Floods
2.3.1 Historical Climate Data Analysis2.3.2 Irrigation Management Data Analysis; 2.3.3 Statistical Information; 2.3.4 Questionnaire Survey; 2.3.5 Rice Production Case Analysis; 2.3.6 Group Discussion; 2.4 Results; 2.4.1 Assessment of Vulnerability of Rice Production to Climate Hazards; 2.4.1.1 Climate Data; 2.4.1.1.1 Trend and Variability of Temperature in Giao Thuy in 1961-2010; 2.4.1.1.2 Trend and Variability of Rainfall in Giao Thuy in 1961-2010; 2.4.1.2 Salinity and Pumping Hours at Three Intake Gates in Red River; 2.4.1.2.1 Salinity; 2.4.1.2.2 Pumping Hours
2.4.1.3 Overall Rice Production and Climate Hazards in Giao Thuy District2.4.1.4 Case Studies on Rice Production; 2.4.1.4.1 Salinity Level of Standing Water in Paddy Fields; 2.4.1.4.2 Rice Yield and Management; 2.4.2 Characteristics of Rice Production in Buffer Zone Compared with Outer Zones of Xuan Thuy National Park; 2.4.2.1 Statistical Information on Demography and Land; 2.4.2.2 Questionnaire for Income Structure; 2.4.2.3 Questionnaire for Fertilizer and Pesticide Inputs; 2.5 Discussion; 2.5.1 Indication of Climate Change and Saltwater Intrusion in Red River Delta
2.5.2 Vulnerability of Rice Production2.5.3 Improvement of Resilience of Rice Production; 2.5.4 Characters of Agriculture and Rice Production in Buffer Zone; 2.5.5 Rural Development for Improved Resilience Around Xuan Thuy National Park; 2.5.5.1 Prospects for Buffer Zone: Lower Agrochemical Inputs for Rice and Diversification; 2.5.5.2 Prospects for Outer Zone: Market-Oriented Larger-Scale Rice Production; References; Chapter 3: Farmers ́Behavior for Introducing Livestock to Respond to External Shocks; 3.1 Raising Livestock to Enhance Resilience in Developing Countries
3.2 Overview of Research Area3.3 Risk Behaviors of Farmers; 3.3.1 Theoretical Framework of Risk Behaviors of Farmers; 3.3.2 Measuring Risk Behaviors of Farmers; 3.3.3 Factors of Risk Behaviors of Farmers; 3.4 Factors of Introducing Livestock; 3.5 Summary; References; Chapter 4: Enhancing Resilience to Climate Change and Disasters for Sustainable Development: Case Study of Vietnam Coastal Urban Areas; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Overview of Da Nang City; 4.3 Vulnerability of Da Nang City to Climate Change; 4.3.1 Climate Variability; 4.3.2 Climate-Related Disasters; 4.3.2.1 Typhoons; 4.3.2.2 Floods