Intro; Preface; Contents; 1 Mechanistic Insights into Surface-Supported Chemical Reactions; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Imaging and Counting Intermediates; 3 Why Are Intermediates Stabilized?; 4 Bringing It All Together; 5 Outlook; Acknowledgements; References; 2 Kinetic and Thermodynamic Considerations in On-Surface Synthesis; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Dehydrogenation Reactions; 3 Entropy of Desorbed Hydrogen Molecules; 4 Electrocyclic Ring-Closure Reaction; 5 C-H Activation and Coupling of Porphyrins; 6 Reaction Intermediates Stabilized by Surface Dissipation and Translational Entropy

7 Summary and OutlookReferences; 3 Reactivity on and of Graphene Layers: Scanning Probe Microscopy Reveals; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Chemical Reactivity; 2.1 Synthesis of Imines; 2.2 Other Reactions; 3 Photochemical Reactivity; 4 Electrochemical Reactivity; 5 Tip-Induced Reactivity; 6 Graphene Manipulation and Grafting; 7 Summary and Conclusions; Acknowledgements; References; 4 Dehydrogenative and Dehalogenative Homocoupling Reactions of C-X Groups on Metal Surfaces; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Results and Discussions; 2.1 On-Surface Dehalogenative Homocoupling

2.2 On-Surface Dehydrogenative Homocoupling2.3 Sequential C-X Groups Activation; 3 Summary and Outlook; References; 5 On-Surface Ullmann Reaction for the Synthesis of Polymers and Macrocycles; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Synthesis of Polymers via Surface Ullmann Reaction; 2.1 The Emergence of the On-Surface Ullmann Reaction; 2.2 Identification of Organometallic Intermediates on Surfaces; 2.3 Stabilization of Organometallic Chains; 2.4 Dynamics of the Formation of Organometallic Chains; 2.5 Formation of Covalent Polymers; 3 Synthesis of Macrocycles via Surface Ullmann Reaction

3.1 Cyclisation via Ring-Closure on a Surface3.2 Formation of Organometallic Macrocycles; 3.3 Formation of Covalent Macrocycles; 4 Summary; References; 6 Bottom-Up Fabrication of Atomically Precise Graphene Nanoribbons; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Synthesis; 3 Characterization Tools and Associated Insight; 3.1 Electronic Properties Determination; 3.2 Chemical Structure; 3.3 Detection of Vibrational Modes; 4 Tuning the Electronic Properties; 4.1 Tuning Through Edge Orientation; 4.2 Tuning Through Width Control; 4.3 Tuning Through Doping; 4.4 Tuning Through Strain

4.5 Tuning Through Heterostructure Formation5 Applications; Acknowledgements; References; 7 Aryl-Aryl Covalent Coupling on Rutile TiO2 Surfaces; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 TiO2 Properties; 2.1 General; 2.2 Comparison Between Rutile Faces; 2.3 Crystal Reduction and Surface Defects; 3 Aryl Halide Coupling on the Rutile (011) Surface; 3.1 First Successful C-C Coupling on a Rutile Surface; 3.2 Insight into Aryl Halide Coupling on the Rutile (011) Surface (Adapted from Ref. [18] with Permission from the Royal Chemical Society); 4 Aryl Halide Coupling on the Rutile (110) Surface