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Intro; Preface; Contents; About the Author; 1 Surface Engineering; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Purpose and Need of Surface Engineering in Industries; 1.3 Surface and Subsurface Regions; 1.4 Properties for the Enhanced Life and Performance of Mechanical Components; 1.5 Classification of Surface Modification Techniques; 1.5.1 Changing the Structure of Surface and Near-Surface Layers; 1.5.2 Changing the Chemical Composition of Surface and Near-Surface Layers; 1.5.3 Developing a Surface Layer or Overlays; 1.6 Scope of Surface Engineering; 1.6.1 Designing Surface Modification
1.6.2 Developing the Modified Surface1.6.3 Investigating and Characterizing the Modified Surfaces; 1.6.4 Application of Modified Surfaces; 1.7 Role of Surface Properties Affecting Wear and Friction Behavior; 1.7.1 Surface Energy; 1.7.2 Surface Composition; 1.7.3 Surface Microstructure; 1.7.4 Surface Roughness; 1.8 Advantages, Limitations, and Applications; 2 Surface Damage: Causes and Mechanisms; 2.1 Material Properties and Its Effect on Performance of Components; 2.2 Common Factors Leading to the Deterioration of Surfaces; 2.3 Types of Wear and Mechanisms and Classical Governing Laws
2.3.1 Adhesive Wear2.3.2 Abrasive Wear; 2.3.3 Erosive Wear; 2.3.4 Corrosion Wear; 2.3.5 Diffusive Wear; 2.4 Techniques to Evaluate Damage of Wear Surfaces; 2.4.1 Material Loss; 2.4.2 Weighing; 2.4.3 Dimensional Measurement; 2.4.4 Optical Method; 2.4.5 Hardness of Surface and Subsurface Layers; 2.4.6 Chemical Composition and Phase Analysis; 2.4.7 Surface Roughness; 3 Materials for Controlling the Wear; 3.1 Materials Properties and Wear; 3.1.1 Hardness; 3.1.2 Ductility; 3.1.3 Toughness; 3.1.4 Stacking Fault Energy; 3.1.5 Fatigue Resistance; 3.1.6 Fracture Toughness
3.1.7 Affinity to Atmospheric Gases3.1.8 Thermal Stability of Surface Layers; 3.2 Materials Properties Required for Better Wear Resistance; 3.2.1 Adhesive Wear; 3.2.2 Abrasion; 3.2.3 Erosion; 3.2.4 Surface Fatigue Wear; 3.2.5 Cavitation; 3.2.6 Fretting Wear; 3.3 Selection of Materials for Surface Engineering; 3.3.1 Iron Base Alloy; 3.3.2 Cobalt Base Alloys; 3.3.3 Nickel Base Alloys; 3.3.4 Copper Base Alloys; 3.4 Structure and Wear of Material; 3.4.1 Ferrous Metals; 3.4.2 Carbon Steel; 3.4.3 Alloy Steel; 3.4.4 Stainless Steel; 3.4.5 Hadfield Steel; 3.4.6 Gray Cast Iron; 3.4.7 White Iron
3.4.8 Chromium Irons3.4.9 Non-ferrous Metals; 3.4.10 Cobalt Base Alloys and Composites; 3.4.11 Nickel Base Alloys; 3.4.12 Thermal Barrier Coating; 3.4.13 Functionally Graded Materials (FGM); 3.5 Common Materials for Surface Modifications for Specific Applications; 3.6 Common Materials and Their Typical Applications; 4 Surface Engineering by Changing the Surface Metallurgy; 4.1 Approach; 4.2 Transformation Hardening Methods; 4.2.1 Flame Hardening; 4.2.2 Induction Hardening; 4.2.3 Laser Beam Hardening; 4.3 Re-melting of Base Metal or Modified Surfaces Using Laser and TIG
1.6.2 Developing the Modified Surface1.6.3 Investigating and Characterizing the Modified Surfaces; 1.6.4 Application of Modified Surfaces; 1.7 Role of Surface Properties Affecting Wear and Friction Behavior; 1.7.1 Surface Energy; 1.7.2 Surface Composition; 1.7.3 Surface Microstructure; 1.7.4 Surface Roughness; 1.8 Advantages, Limitations, and Applications; 2 Surface Damage: Causes and Mechanisms; 2.1 Material Properties and Its Effect on Performance of Components; 2.2 Common Factors Leading to the Deterioration of Surfaces; 2.3 Types of Wear and Mechanisms and Classical Governing Laws
2.3.1 Adhesive Wear2.3.2 Abrasive Wear; 2.3.3 Erosive Wear; 2.3.4 Corrosion Wear; 2.3.5 Diffusive Wear; 2.4 Techniques to Evaluate Damage of Wear Surfaces; 2.4.1 Material Loss; 2.4.2 Weighing; 2.4.3 Dimensional Measurement; 2.4.4 Optical Method; 2.4.5 Hardness of Surface and Subsurface Layers; 2.4.6 Chemical Composition and Phase Analysis; 2.4.7 Surface Roughness; 3 Materials for Controlling the Wear; 3.1 Materials Properties and Wear; 3.1.1 Hardness; 3.1.2 Ductility; 3.1.3 Toughness; 3.1.4 Stacking Fault Energy; 3.1.5 Fatigue Resistance; 3.1.6 Fracture Toughness
3.1.7 Affinity to Atmospheric Gases3.1.8 Thermal Stability of Surface Layers; 3.2 Materials Properties Required for Better Wear Resistance; 3.2.1 Adhesive Wear; 3.2.2 Abrasion; 3.2.3 Erosion; 3.2.4 Surface Fatigue Wear; 3.2.5 Cavitation; 3.2.6 Fretting Wear; 3.3 Selection of Materials for Surface Engineering; 3.3.1 Iron Base Alloy; 3.3.2 Cobalt Base Alloys; 3.3.3 Nickel Base Alloys; 3.3.4 Copper Base Alloys; 3.4 Structure and Wear of Material; 3.4.1 Ferrous Metals; 3.4.2 Carbon Steel; 3.4.3 Alloy Steel; 3.4.4 Stainless Steel; 3.4.5 Hadfield Steel; 3.4.6 Gray Cast Iron; 3.4.7 White Iron
3.4.8 Chromium Irons3.4.9 Non-ferrous Metals; 3.4.10 Cobalt Base Alloys and Composites; 3.4.11 Nickel Base Alloys; 3.4.12 Thermal Barrier Coating; 3.4.13 Functionally Graded Materials (FGM); 3.5 Common Materials for Surface Modifications for Specific Applications; 3.6 Common Materials and Their Typical Applications; 4 Surface Engineering by Changing the Surface Metallurgy; 4.1 Approach; 4.2 Transformation Hardening Methods; 4.2.1 Flame Hardening; 4.2.2 Induction Hardening; 4.2.3 Laser Beam Hardening; 4.3 Re-melting of Base Metal or Modified Surfaces Using Laser and TIG