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Table of Contents
Intro; Preface; Contents; Contributors; About the Editors; Environmental Archaeology: What Is in a Name?; 1 By Whose Direction Found'st Thou out this Place?; 2 What's Montague?; 3 It Is nor Hand nor Foot, nor Arm nor Face; References; Environmental Archaeology: The End of the Road?; References; Changing Perspectives: Exploring Ways and Means of Collaborating in Environmental Archaeology; 1 Introduction; 2 Our Communities of Practice; 3 General Issues; 4 Recommendations and Conclusion; 4.1 Recommendations; 4.2 What Makes a Good Project?; References
Environmental Archaeology in Southern Scandinavia1 Introduction; 2 The Early Development of Environmental Archaeology: 1842-1970; 2.1 1842-1851: The Creation of Environmental Archaeology; 2.2 1900-1916: Placing People in Time and the Landscape; 2.3 1916-1937: Developing the Environmental Chronology; 2.4 1937-1947: Environmental Chronology and the Forager-Farmer Overlap; 2.5 1947-1966: Nuances of Overlap, the Debate Between Becker and Troels-Smith; 2.6 1966-1972: Radiocarbon and the Demise of the Forager-Farmer Overlap; 3 Development and Diversification Since 1970; 3.1 Regional Studies
3.2 Archaeological Chemistry3.3 Ancient DNA; 3.4 Archaeobotany; 3.5 Zooarchaeology; 3.6 Ecosystem Modelling; 3.7 Ongoing Fundamental Research; 4 Looking Forward; References; A Man and a Plant: Archaeobotany; 1 Introduction; 2 Archaeobotany: Definition and Brief History; 3 Plant Remains; 4 Interpretation of Plant Remains; 5 Cultivated Plants; 6 Wild Plants; 7 Farming; 8 Wood Utilisation; 9 Palaeoenvironmental Reconstructions; 10 Summary; References; Bridging Archaeology and Genetics; 1 Introduction; 2 Genetic Research Within Archaeology: A Brief History of Ancient DNA
3 The 'Magic Wand Approach': Misconceptions and Current Potential of Ancient DNA Studies3.1 Linking Genotypes to Phenotypes; 3.2 Phylogeny, Phylogeography and Evolutionary History; 3.3 Are Modern Populations Representative of Ancient Populations? The Cases of the Serial Founder Effect Model, Admixture and Population Replacement; 4 Practical Considerations for Undertaking Archaeogenetic Research; 4.1 Samples; 4.1.1 The Abundance of the Archaeological Record; 4.1.2 The Need for Reference Sequences; 4.2 Choosing Genetic Markers; 4.2.1 Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)
4.2.2 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)4.2.3 Multi-target Loci; 4.3 A Question of Methodology; 4.3.1 The Advent of Next-Generation Sequencing; 4.3.2 Is DNA Always the Most Appropriate Tool? Exploring Alternatives; 4.4 The Plagues of Ancient DNA; 4.4.1 DNA Post-mortem Decay; 4.4.2 DNA Contamination; 5 Towards the Future: Improving Collaborations; 5.1 Limiting Destructive Sampling; 5.2 Understanding Terminology and Methodology; 6 Concluding Remarks; References; Wood Charcoal Analysis in Archaeology; 1 Introduction; 2 From Its Beginnings to 'Anthracology as Palaeoecology'
Environmental Archaeology in Southern Scandinavia1 Introduction; 2 The Early Development of Environmental Archaeology: 1842-1970; 2.1 1842-1851: The Creation of Environmental Archaeology; 2.2 1900-1916: Placing People in Time and the Landscape; 2.3 1916-1937: Developing the Environmental Chronology; 2.4 1937-1947: Environmental Chronology and the Forager-Farmer Overlap; 2.5 1947-1966: Nuances of Overlap, the Debate Between Becker and Troels-Smith; 2.6 1966-1972: Radiocarbon and the Demise of the Forager-Farmer Overlap; 3 Development and Diversification Since 1970; 3.1 Regional Studies
3.2 Archaeological Chemistry3.3 Ancient DNA; 3.4 Archaeobotany; 3.5 Zooarchaeology; 3.6 Ecosystem Modelling; 3.7 Ongoing Fundamental Research; 4 Looking Forward; References; A Man and a Plant: Archaeobotany; 1 Introduction; 2 Archaeobotany: Definition and Brief History; 3 Plant Remains; 4 Interpretation of Plant Remains; 5 Cultivated Plants; 6 Wild Plants; 7 Farming; 8 Wood Utilisation; 9 Palaeoenvironmental Reconstructions; 10 Summary; References; Bridging Archaeology and Genetics; 1 Introduction; 2 Genetic Research Within Archaeology: A Brief History of Ancient DNA
3 The 'Magic Wand Approach': Misconceptions and Current Potential of Ancient DNA Studies3.1 Linking Genotypes to Phenotypes; 3.2 Phylogeny, Phylogeography and Evolutionary History; 3.3 Are Modern Populations Representative of Ancient Populations? The Cases of the Serial Founder Effect Model, Admixture and Population Replacement; 4 Practical Considerations for Undertaking Archaeogenetic Research; 4.1 Samples; 4.1.1 The Abundance of the Archaeological Record; 4.1.2 The Need for Reference Sequences; 4.2 Choosing Genetic Markers; 4.2.1 Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)
4.2.2 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)4.2.3 Multi-target Loci; 4.3 A Question of Methodology; 4.3.1 The Advent of Next-Generation Sequencing; 4.3.2 Is DNA Always the Most Appropriate Tool? Exploring Alternatives; 4.4 The Plagues of Ancient DNA; 4.4.1 DNA Post-mortem Decay; 4.4.2 DNA Contamination; 5 Towards the Future: Improving Collaborations; 5.1 Limiting Destructive Sampling; 5.2 Understanding Terminology and Methodology; 6 Concluding Remarks; References; Wood Charcoal Analysis in Archaeology; 1 Introduction; 2 From Its Beginnings to 'Anthracology as Palaeoecology'