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Intro; Preface; Acknowledgments; Contents; List of Editors and Associate Editors; Part I: Essential Basic Considerations in Colorectal Cancer; 1: Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer in Asia-Pacific Region; 1.1 Trends of Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality; 1.1.1 Temporal Trends; 1.1.2 Geographic Variations; 1.1.3 Survival of Colorectal Cancer Patients; 1.2 Risk Factors; 1.2.1 Smoking; 1.2.2 Alcohol Drinking; 1.2.3 Meat Consumption; 1.2.4 Obesity and Physical Inactivity; 1.2.5 Fruits and Vegetables; 1.2.6 Soy Product and Green Tea Consumption
1.2.7 Dairy Product and Whole Grains1.2.8 Migrant Studies; References; 2: A Multidisciplinary Approach for Advanced Colorectal Cancer; 2.1 Definition and Team Composition; 2.2 Increasing Need for Clinical MDTs and a Brief Introduction to Our Experience of a MDT; 2.3 Impact of MDT; 2.3.1 Changes in Decision- Making and Subsequent Treatment Plans; 2.3.2 Increasing Adherence to Treatment Guidelines; 2.3.3 Improvement of Surgical Outcomes; 2.3.4 Impact on Patient Satisfaction and Quality of Life; 2.3.5 Impact on Survival
2.3.6 Impact on Research and Evidence-Making Process and Education2.4 Debate on Efficacy of MDT; 2.5 Factors Affecting the Efficacy of MDT Clinics; 2.5.1 Time Pressure and Inadequate Information; 2.5.2 Leadership and Team Culture; 2.5.3 Infrastructures and Decision Support System; 2.5.4 Feedback on MDT Performance; 2.6 Future Perspectives; References; 3: Molecular Basis of Colorectal Cancer: Tumor Biology; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Three Molecular Carcinogenesis Pathways and Two Morphologic Multistep Pathways; 3.3 CIN; 3.3.1 Defects in Chromosomal Segregation
3.3.2 Centromere Dysfunction3.3.3 Telomere Dysfunction; 3.3.4 Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH); 3.3.5 Deficiencies in DNA Damage Response; 3.3.6 Clinical Implications of CIN; 3.4 MSI; 3.4.1 Clinical Implication of MSI; 3.5 CIMP; 3.5.1 Clinical Implications of CIMP; 3.6 Consensus Molecular Subtypes; References; Part II: Anatomic Considerations in Rectal Cancer Surgery; 4: Anatomical Basis of Rectal Cancer Surgery Focused on Pelvic Fascia; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Anatomic Concepts of Toldt Fascia; 4.3 Rectosacral and Waldeyer's Fascia Revisited
4.4 Dissection of Denonvilliers' Fascia Implicated in Total Mesorectal Excision4.5 In Conclusion; References; 5: The Lymphatic Spread of the Rectal Cancer; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The Pattern of the Lymphatic Drainage According to the Tumor Location; 5.3 Lymph Node Groups; 5.4 Concept of Lymphadenectomy; 5.5 Debated About Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection (West vs. East); 5.6 Selective Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy; 5.7 Pathologic Assessment of Rectal Lymph Node; References; 6: Anal Sphincter Complex Preservation; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Anatomy
1.2.7 Dairy Product and Whole Grains1.2.8 Migrant Studies; References; 2: A Multidisciplinary Approach for Advanced Colorectal Cancer; 2.1 Definition and Team Composition; 2.2 Increasing Need for Clinical MDTs and a Brief Introduction to Our Experience of a MDT; 2.3 Impact of MDT; 2.3.1 Changes in Decision- Making and Subsequent Treatment Plans; 2.3.2 Increasing Adherence to Treatment Guidelines; 2.3.3 Improvement of Surgical Outcomes; 2.3.4 Impact on Patient Satisfaction and Quality of Life; 2.3.5 Impact on Survival
2.3.6 Impact on Research and Evidence-Making Process and Education2.4 Debate on Efficacy of MDT; 2.5 Factors Affecting the Efficacy of MDT Clinics; 2.5.1 Time Pressure and Inadequate Information; 2.5.2 Leadership and Team Culture; 2.5.3 Infrastructures and Decision Support System; 2.5.4 Feedback on MDT Performance; 2.6 Future Perspectives; References; 3: Molecular Basis of Colorectal Cancer: Tumor Biology; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Three Molecular Carcinogenesis Pathways and Two Morphologic Multistep Pathways; 3.3 CIN; 3.3.1 Defects in Chromosomal Segregation
3.3.2 Centromere Dysfunction3.3.3 Telomere Dysfunction; 3.3.4 Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH); 3.3.5 Deficiencies in DNA Damage Response; 3.3.6 Clinical Implications of CIN; 3.4 MSI; 3.4.1 Clinical Implication of MSI; 3.5 CIMP; 3.5.1 Clinical Implications of CIMP; 3.6 Consensus Molecular Subtypes; References; Part II: Anatomic Considerations in Rectal Cancer Surgery; 4: Anatomical Basis of Rectal Cancer Surgery Focused on Pelvic Fascia; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Anatomic Concepts of Toldt Fascia; 4.3 Rectosacral and Waldeyer's Fascia Revisited
4.4 Dissection of Denonvilliers' Fascia Implicated in Total Mesorectal Excision4.5 In Conclusion; References; 5: The Lymphatic Spread of the Rectal Cancer; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The Pattern of the Lymphatic Drainage According to the Tumor Location; 5.3 Lymph Node Groups; 5.4 Concept of Lymphadenectomy; 5.5 Debated About Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection (West vs. East); 5.6 Selective Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy; 5.7 Pathologic Assessment of Rectal Lymph Node; References; 6: Anal Sphincter Complex Preservation; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Anatomy