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Intro; Preface; Contents; 1: Reconstitution of Germ Cell Development In Vitro; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 In Vitro Reconstitution of Mouse Germ Cell Development; 1.2.1 Signaling Pathways for the Specification of Mouse Primordial Germ Cells; 1.2.2 Induction of PGC-Like Cells (PGCLCs) from Mouse Pluripotent Stem Cells; 1.2.3 Completion of Mouse Oogenesis In Vitro; 1.2.4 Induction of Spermatogonia-Like Cells from PGCLCs; 1.2.5 Propagation of PGCLCs In Vitro; 1.3 Induction of Human Germ Cell Fate In Vitro; 1.3.1 In Vitro Systems to Induce Human PGCLCs from hPSCs
1.3.2 Competence for the Induction of Human PGCLCs1.4 Future Perspectives for Reconstituting Human Germ Cell Development In Vitro; References; 2: The Role of Hedgehog-BMP4 Signaling in the Patterning of Coelomic Mesoderm and the Onset of Gonadogenesis; 2.1 Introduction; 2.1.1 Contrasting Cellular Behaviors in the Dorsal and Ventral Parts of Medial LPM at the Onset of Gonadogenesis; 2.1.2 Hedgehog (Hh) Signaling Establishes Dorsoventral Pattern in M-LPM and Initiates Gonadogenesis; 2.1.3 Dynamic Transition of BMP4 Expression and Roles at the Downstream of Hh Signaling in LPM
2.1.4 Candidate Molecules Regulating Cellular Behaviors Involved in the Onset of Gonadogenesis Downstream of Hh-BMP4 SignalingReferences; 3: Regulation of Metabolic Pathways in Steroidogenic Cells by Ad4BP/SF-1; 3.1 Introduction; 3.1.1 Metabolic Pathways Activated in Steroidogenic Cells; 3.1.2 Implication of Ad4BP/SF-1 into Glycolytic Gene Regulation; 3.1.3 Implication of Ad4BP/SF-1 into NADPH Synthetic Gene Regulation; 3.1.4 Orchestration of Metabolic Pathways by a Single Transcription Factor; References
4: Role of Lgr5-Expressing Stem Cells in Epithelial Renewal and Cancer in the Reproductive Tract4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Methods Employed to Identify and Characterise Reproductive Epithelial Stem Cells; 4.3 Lgr5+ Stem Cell Precursors Give Rise to Adult OSE and Cortical Granulosa Lineages; 4.4 Regulation of Lgr5+ Stem Cell-Driven OSE Regeneration: Intrinsic Versus Niche Signals; 4.5 Cancer of the Reproductive Tract: Lgr5+ OSE Stem Cells as Ovarian Cancer Origins; 4.6 Future Directions and Conclusion; References; 5: Tumor-Initiating Cells in Ovarian Cancer; 5.1 Introduction
5.2 Stem Cells in the Normal Ovary and in Ovarian Cancer5.3 Redefining Reversible Quiescence as a Functional Property of CSCs Reappropriated Their Recognition as Tumor-Initiating Cells (TICs); 5.4 CSC/TIC Identification Through the Maze of Intra-Tumor Heterogeneity and Their Differential Regulation Under Conditions of Stress; 5.5 Future Perspectives; References; 6: Emerging Role of CD44 Variant 6 in Driving the Metastatic Journey of Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Genomic and Protein Structure of CD44; 6.3 CD44 and Cancer Stemness
1.3.2 Competence for the Induction of Human PGCLCs1.4 Future Perspectives for Reconstituting Human Germ Cell Development In Vitro; References; 2: The Role of Hedgehog-BMP4 Signaling in the Patterning of Coelomic Mesoderm and the Onset of Gonadogenesis; 2.1 Introduction; 2.1.1 Contrasting Cellular Behaviors in the Dorsal and Ventral Parts of Medial LPM at the Onset of Gonadogenesis; 2.1.2 Hedgehog (Hh) Signaling Establishes Dorsoventral Pattern in M-LPM and Initiates Gonadogenesis; 2.1.3 Dynamic Transition of BMP4 Expression and Roles at the Downstream of Hh Signaling in LPM
2.1.4 Candidate Molecules Regulating Cellular Behaviors Involved in the Onset of Gonadogenesis Downstream of Hh-BMP4 SignalingReferences; 3: Regulation of Metabolic Pathways in Steroidogenic Cells by Ad4BP/SF-1; 3.1 Introduction; 3.1.1 Metabolic Pathways Activated in Steroidogenic Cells; 3.1.2 Implication of Ad4BP/SF-1 into Glycolytic Gene Regulation; 3.1.3 Implication of Ad4BP/SF-1 into NADPH Synthetic Gene Regulation; 3.1.4 Orchestration of Metabolic Pathways by a Single Transcription Factor; References
4: Role of Lgr5-Expressing Stem Cells in Epithelial Renewal and Cancer in the Reproductive Tract4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Methods Employed to Identify and Characterise Reproductive Epithelial Stem Cells; 4.3 Lgr5+ Stem Cell Precursors Give Rise to Adult OSE and Cortical Granulosa Lineages; 4.4 Regulation of Lgr5+ Stem Cell-Driven OSE Regeneration: Intrinsic Versus Niche Signals; 4.5 Cancer of the Reproductive Tract: Lgr5+ OSE Stem Cells as Ovarian Cancer Origins; 4.6 Future Directions and Conclusion; References; 5: Tumor-Initiating Cells in Ovarian Cancer; 5.1 Introduction
5.2 Stem Cells in the Normal Ovary and in Ovarian Cancer5.3 Redefining Reversible Quiescence as a Functional Property of CSCs Reappropriated Their Recognition as Tumor-Initiating Cells (TICs); 5.4 CSC/TIC Identification Through the Maze of Intra-Tumor Heterogeneity and Their Differential Regulation Under Conditions of Stress; 5.5 Future Perspectives; References; 6: Emerging Role of CD44 Variant 6 in Driving the Metastatic Journey of Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Genomic and Protein Structure of CD44; 6.3 CD44 and Cancer Stemness