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Intro; Preface; Contents; Contributors; Acronyms; 1 A Clinical Perspective on Atrial Fibrillation; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Atrial Fibrillation: Definition; 1.3 Classification of Atrial Fibrillation; 1.4 Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation; 1.5 Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation; 1.6 Atrial Myocardium Characteristics in Atrial Fibrillation; 1.7 Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke; 1.8 Principles of Atrial Fibrillation Management; 1.8.1 Ischemic Stroke Prevention; 1.8.2 Rate-Control Strategy; 1.8.3 Rhythm-Control Strategy; 1.9 Electrocardiography in Atrial Fibrillation Diagnosis
1.10 Standardization of Atrial Fibrillation ECG Characteristics Assessment1.10.1 Electrocardiographic Characteristics as Biomarkers; 1.10.2 Roadmap for Standardization of AF Parameters; References; 2 Lead Systems and Recording Devices; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Lead Systems; 2.2.1 Body Surface Potential Mapping; 2.2.2 Modifications of the Standard 12-Lead ECG; 2.2.3 Reduced Lead Systems; 2.3 Recording Devices; 2.3.1 Standard Resting ECG; 2.3.2 Standard Ambulatory Monitors; 2.3.3 Cardiac Event Recorders; 2.3.4 Biopatches; 2.3.5 Handheld Recorders; 2.3.6 Smartphone-Based Devices
2.3.7 Implantable Devices2.3.8 Non-ECG Devices; 2.3.9 Monitoring Strategies; References; 3 Databases and Simulation; 3.1 Public ECG Databases; 3.2 Non-public ECG Databases; 3.3 Simulation of Atrial Fibrillation; 3.4 Simulation of Paroxysmal AF Using Synthetic Components; 3.4.1 Atrial Fibrillation; 3.4.2 Sinus Rhythm; 3.4.3 Atrial Premature Beats; 3.4.4 Respiration; 3.4.5 Additive Noise; 3.4.6 Transformation from VCG to 12-Lead ECG; 3.4.7 Switching Between Atrial Fibrillation and Sinus Rhythm; 3.5 Simulation of Paroxysmal AF Using Real Components; 3.6 Relevance of Simulated Signals; References
4 Detection of Atrial Fibrillation4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Rhythm-Based AF Detection; 4.2.1 Irregularity Parameters; 4.2.2 Poincaré-Based Parameters; 4.2.3 Time-Varying Coherence Function; 4.2.4 Parameter Time Series Exemplified; 4.2.5 Ectopic Beat Handling; 4.2.6 Classification; 4.3 Rhythm and Morphology Based AF Detection; 4.3.1 P Wave Detection Information; 4.3.2 f Wave Detection Information; 4.3.3 Noise Level Estimation; 4.3.4 Ectopic Beat Handling; 4.3.5 Classification; 4.4 Implementation Aspects; 4.5 Performance Measures; 4.6 Detection Performance; 4.6.1 ECG Databases
4.6.2 Training and Evaluation4.6.3 Simulated ECG Signals; 4.6.4 Brief AF Episodes; 4.7 Additional Detector Information; References; 5 Extraction of f Waves; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Average Beat Subtraction and Variants; 5.2.1 Noise-Dependent Weights; 5.2.2 Signal- and Noise-Dependent Weighted Averaging; 5.2.3 Spatiotemporal QRST Cancellation; 5.2.4 Separate Cancellation of the QRS and JQ Intervals; 5.2.5 Residual-Constrained QRS Template; 5.3 Interpolation and Large-Amplitude QRS Residuals; 5.3.1 Sine/Cosine-Based Interpolation; 5.3.2 Autoregressive Interpolation; 5.4 Extended Kalman Filtering
1.10 Standardization of Atrial Fibrillation ECG Characteristics Assessment1.10.1 Electrocardiographic Characteristics as Biomarkers; 1.10.2 Roadmap for Standardization of AF Parameters; References; 2 Lead Systems and Recording Devices; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Lead Systems; 2.2.1 Body Surface Potential Mapping; 2.2.2 Modifications of the Standard 12-Lead ECG; 2.2.3 Reduced Lead Systems; 2.3 Recording Devices; 2.3.1 Standard Resting ECG; 2.3.2 Standard Ambulatory Monitors; 2.3.3 Cardiac Event Recorders; 2.3.4 Biopatches; 2.3.5 Handheld Recorders; 2.3.6 Smartphone-Based Devices
2.3.7 Implantable Devices2.3.8 Non-ECG Devices; 2.3.9 Monitoring Strategies; References; 3 Databases and Simulation; 3.1 Public ECG Databases; 3.2 Non-public ECG Databases; 3.3 Simulation of Atrial Fibrillation; 3.4 Simulation of Paroxysmal AF Using Synthetic Components; 3.4.1 Atrial Fibrillation; 3.4.2 Sinus Rhythm; 3.4.3 Atrial Premature Beats; 3.4.4 Respiration; 3.4.5 Additive Noise; 3.4.6 Transformation from VCG to 12-Lead ECG; 3.4.7 Switching Between Atrial Fibrillation and Sinus Rhythm; 3.5 Simulation of Paroxysmal AF Using Real Components; 3.6 Relevance of Simulated Signals; References
4 Detection of Atrial Fibrillation4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Rhythm-Based AF Detection; 4.2.1 Irregularity Parameters; 4.2.2 Poincaré-Based Parameters; 4.2.3 Time-Varying Coherence Function; 4.2.4 Parameter Time Series Exemplified; 4.2.5 Ectopic Beat Handling; 4.2.6 Classification; 4.3 Rhythm and Morphology Based AF Detection; 4.3.1 P Wave Detection Information; 4.3.2 f Wave Detection Information; 4.3.3 Noise Level Estimation; 4.3.4 Ectopic Beat Handling; 4.3.5 Classification; 4.4 Implementation Aspects; 4.5 Performance Measures; 4.6 Detection Performance; 4.6.1 ECG Databases
4.6.2 Training and Evaluation4.6.3 Simulated ECG Signals; 4.6.4 Brief AF Episodes; 4.7 Additional Detector Information; References; 5 Extraction of f Waves; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Average Beat Subtraction and Variants; 5.2.1 Noise-Dependent Weights; 5.2.2 Signal- and Noise-Dependent Weighted Averaging; 5.2.3 Spatiotemporal QRST Cancellation; 5.2.4 Separate Cancellation of the QRS and JQ Intervals; 5.2.5 Residual-Constrained QRS Template; 5.3 Interpolation and Large-Amplitude QRS Residuals; 5.3.1 Sine/Cosine-Based Interpolation; 5.3.2 Autoregressive Interpolation; 5.4 Extended Kalman Filtering