PART I. INTRODUCTION TO SIMULATION IN NEUROSURGERY
1. History of Simulation
PART II. PHYSCIAL MODELS SIMULATION
2. Ventriculostomy Simulation in Neurosurgery
3. Physical Simulators and Replicators in Endovascular Neurosurgery Training
4. 3D Printed Models in Neurosurgical Training
5. Synthetic Replica for Training in Microsurgical Anastomosis: An Important Frontier in Neurosurgical Education
6. Endovascular Surgical Neuroradiology Simulation
PART III. BIOLOGICAL MODELS SIMULATION
7. Biological Models for Neurosurgical Training in Microanastomosis
8. Pseudo Aneurysm Surgery Simulation Using the “Live Cadaver” Model for Neurosurgical Education
9. Use of Cadaveric Models in Simulation Training in Spinal Procedures
10. The Use of Simulation in the Training for Spinal Cord Stimulation for Treatment of Chronic Pain
PART IV. VIRTUAL REALITY SIMULATION
11. Introduction to Haptics
12. Competency Assessment in Virtual Reality-Based Simulation in Neurosurgical Training
13. Patient-specific Virtual Reality Simulation for Minimally-invasive Neurosurgery
14. Role of Immersive Touch Simulation in the Neurosurgical Training
15. Role of Surgical Simulation in Neurological Surgery and Aneurysm Clipping: The State of the Art
16. NeuroVR Simulator in Neurosurgical Training
17. Neurosurgical Anatomy and Approaches to Simulation in Neurosurgical Training
18. Virtual Reality Simulation for the Spine
19. The Use of Simulation in the Training for Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for Amydalo-hippocampectomy for Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
20. Future of Visualization and Simulation in Neurosurgery
PART V. SIMULATION TRAINING COURSES
21. The Role of the NREF Endovascular and Cerebrovascular Courses in Neurosurgical Residency and Fellowship Training and Future Directions
22. Simulation Training Experience in Neurosurgical Training in Europe
PART VI. NON-PROCEDURAL TRAINING
23. High Fidelity Simulation in Neuroanesthesia
24. Neurocritical Care Simulation.