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Intro; Contents; Abbreviations; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Licensing of NPIs and Types of NPIs; 1.1.1 Syntactic Perspectives; 1.1.2 Semantic Perspectives; 1.1.3 Pragmatic Perspectives; 1.1.4 Scalar Model: A Cognitive Perspective; 1.1.5 Minimizers: A Distinct Class of Negative Polarity Items; 1.2 Interpretational Variability of 'One'-Phrases; 1.3 Construction-Based Changes; 1.4 Asymmetric Distribution of Minimizers in Different Word Order Patterns; 1.5 Layout of the Study; 2 The Diachronic Distribution of Chinese 'One'-Phrases: Word Order and Minimizers
2.1 Synchronic Polysemy: 'One'-Phrases2.2 Components of 'One'-Phrases in Mandarin; 2.3 Sources of Data from Different Periods of Chinese; 2.4 The Development of 'One'-Phrases as Minimizers Across Three Periods of Chinese; 2.4.1 Major Negators of Minimizers; 2.4.2 'One'-Phrases in Old Chinese; 2.4.2.1 Old Chinese 'One'-Phrases in the Preverbal and Postverbal Positions; 2.4.2.2 Two Patterns of Word Order in Numeral Phrases; 2.4.3 'One'-Phrases as Minimizers in Middle Chinese; 2.4.3.1 Postverbal 'One'-Phrases as Minimizers in Middle Chinese
2.4.3.2 Preverbal 'One'-Phrases as Minimizers in Middle Chinese2.4.4 'One'-Phrases in Early Mandarin Chinese; 2.4.4.1 'One'-Phrases with Negator Bù in Early Mandarin Chinese; 2.4.4.2 'One'-Phrases with Negator Wú in Early Mandarin Chinese; 2.4.5 'One'-Phrases in Modern Mandarin Chinese; 2.5 The Cross-Period Comparison of the 'One'-Phrases in Chinese; 2.5.1 Cross-Period Comparison of Preverbal and Postverbal Minimizers; 2.5.2 The Postverbal Minimizers: Syntactic Properties of the Existential Construction; 2.5.3 The Preferred Constructions of 'One'-Phrases as Minimizers
2.6 Messages from the Distribution of 'One'-Phrases as Minimizers3 The Development of the Polysemous Networks of 'One'-Phrase Through Constructional Changes; 3.1 Synchronic Polysemy; 3.2 Constructionist Perspective on Diachronic Changes; 3.3 Dian 'Dot' in Old Chinese and Middle Chinese: Counting and Measuring; 3.4 The 'One'-Phrase in Early Mandarin; 3.4.1 The Development of the PPI Sense of 'One'-Phrases in Early Mandarin Chinese; 3.4.2 The Development of the NPI Sense of 'One'-Phrases in Early Mandarin Chinese; 3.4.2.1 The Minimizer Sense in the Preverbal Position
3.4.2.2 The Minimizer Sense in the Postverbal Position3.4.2.3 Rhetorical Questions and Conditionals: Scalar Reversing; 3.4.3 Categorical Expansion: Adverbials; 3.4.4 Emphatic Function from a Definite Minimal Quantity; 3.5 Expansion of the Polysemous Network Across Periods; 3.5.1 Diachronic Association of the 'One'-Phrase with Existing Constructions; 3.5.2 Directionality in Productivity, Schematicity, and Compositionality; 3.6 Association and Inheritance in the Diachronic Development: A Polysemous Network; 4 The Emergence of Scalar Particles dou and ye in the OV Word Order in Mandarin Chinese
2.1 Synchronic Polysemy: 'One'-Phrases2.2 Components of 'One'-Phrases in Mandarin; 2.3 Sources of Data from Different Periods of Chinese; 2.4 The Development of 'One'-Phrases as Minimizers Across Three Periods of Chinese; 2.4.1 Major Negators of Minimizers; 2.4.2 'One'-Phrases in Old Chinese; 2.4.2.1 Old Chinese 'One'-Phrases in the Preverbal and Postverbal Positions; 2.4.2.2 Two Patterns of Word Order in Numeral Phrases; 2.4.3 'One'-Phrases as Minimizers in Middle Chinese; 2.4.3.1 Postverbal 'One'-Phrases as Minimizers in Middle Chinese
2.4.3.2 Preverbal 'One'-Phrases as Minimizers in Middle Chinese2.4.4 'One'-Phrases in Early Mandarin Chinese; 2.4.4.1 'One'-Phrases with Negator Bù in Early Mandarin Chinese; 2.4.4.2 'One'-Phrases with Negator Wú in Early Mandarin Chinese; 2.4.5 'One'-Phrases in Modern Mandarin Chinese; 2.5 The Cross-Period Comparison of the 'One'-Phrases in Chinese; 2.5.1 Cross-Period Comparison of Preverbal and Postverbal Minimizers; 2.5.2 The Postverbal Minimizers: Syntactic Properties of the Existential Construction; 2.5.3 The Preferred Constructions of 'One'-Phrases as Minimizers
2.6 Messages from the Distribution of 'One'-Phrases as Minimizers3 The Development of the Polysemous Networks of 'One'-Phrase Through Constructional Changes; 3.1 Synchronic Polysemy; 3.2 Constructionist Perspective on Diachronic Changes; 3.3 Dian 'Dot' in Old Chinese and Middle Chinese: Counting and Measuring; 3.4 The 'One'-Phrase in Early Mandarin; 3.4.1 The Development of the PPI Sense of 'One'-Phrases in Early Mandarin Chinese; 3.4.2 The Development of the NPI Sense of 'One'-Phrases in Early Mandarin Chinese; 3.4.2.1 The Minimizer Sense in the Preverbal Position
3.4.2.2 The Minimizer Sense in the Postverbal Position3.4.2.3 Rhetorical Questions and Conditionals: Scalar Reversing; 3.4.3 Categorical Expansion: Adverbials; 3.4.4 Emphatic Function from a Definite Minimal Quantity; 3.5 Expansion of the Polysemous Network Across Periods; 3.5.1 Diachronic Association of the 'One'-Phrase with Existing Constructions; 3.5.2 Directionality in Productivity, Schematicity, and Compositionality; 3.6 Association and Inheritance in the Diachronic Development: A Polysemous Network; 4 The Emergence of Scalar Particles dou and ye in the OV Word Order in Mandarin Chinese