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Table of Contents
Intro; Preface; Acknowledgments; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Definition and Changes in Nomenclature of Hepatic Encephalopathy; Definition; Current Issues with Nomenclature of HE; Classification; Case 1; Case 2; Case 3; Case 4; Case 5; Conclusion; References; Chapter 2: Hepatic Encephalopathy: Pathophysiology-Brain; Clinical Scenario; Causes of Hyperammonemia; Neurotoxicity of Ammonia; Systemic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress; Impact of Recurrent HE; Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: Pathophysiology: Gut Liver Axis Changes; Clinical Scenario: Part 1; Ammonia
Clinical Scenario: Part 2Infection and Inflammation; Clinical Scenario: Part 3; The Gut Microbiome; Modifying the Gut Microbiota May Be Expected to Alter Outcomes in HE; Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Impact and Diagnosis of Minimal or Grade 1 Hepatic Encephalopathy; Introduction; Portosystemic Encephalopathy Test (PSE); The Continuous Reaction Time Test (CRT); Case 1: HE with No Comorbidity; Winter 2016; Summer 2017; Autumn 2017; Winter 2017; Case 2: Recurrent HE with Co-morbid Medical Diseases; The Impact of Minimal and Grade 1 HE; Diagnosing Minimal and Grade 1 Hepatic Encephalopathy
Isolated Hepatic EncephalopathyHepatic Encephalopathy Associated with Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure; Pathophysiology of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure; Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the Hospitalized Patient; General Approach; Direct Treatment at Precipitating Factors; Specific Treatment; Nonabsorbable Disaccharides; Rifaximin; Neomycin, Metronidazole, and Vancomycin; Zinc; l-Ornithine l-Aspartate; Branched-Chain Amino Acids; Percutaneous Embolization of Large Portosystemic Shunts; Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System; Liver Transplantation; References
Chapter 7: Prevention of Recurrence of Hepatic EncephalopathyIntroduction; Luminal Agents; Nonabsorbable Disaccharides; Rifaximin; Probiotics; Extraluminal Agents; Glycerol Phenylbutyrate; Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAA); Interventions; Embolization of Large Spontaneous Shunt; Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration; Conclusion; References; Chapter 8: Hepatic Encephalopathy Diagnosis Conundrums; Introduction; Instead of HE 1: Seizure in Compensated Cirrhosis and Cerebrovascular Disease; Instead of HE 2: Viral Encephalitis in Decompensated Cirrhosis
Clinical Scenario: Part 2Infection and Inflammation; Clinical Scenario: Part 3; The Gut Microbiome; Modifying the Gut Microbiota May Be Expected to Alter Outcomes in HE; Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Impact and Diagnosis of Minimal or Grade 1 Hepatic Encephalopathy; Introduction; Portosystemic Encephalopathy Test (PSE); The Continuous Reaction Time Test (CRT); Case 1: HE with No Comorbidity; Winter 2016; Summer 2017; Autumn 2017; Winter 2017; Case 2: Recurrent HE with Co-morbid Medical Diseases; The Impact of Minimal and Grade 1 HE; Diagnosing Minimal and Grade 1 Hepatic Encephalopathy
Isolated Hepatic EncephalopathyHepatic Encephalopathy Associated with Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure; Pathophysiology of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure; Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the Hospitalized Patient; General Approach; Direct Treatment at Precipitating Factors; Specific Treatment; Nonabsorbable Disaccharides; Rifaximin; Neomycin, Metronidazole, and Vancomycin; Zinc; l-Ornithine l-Aspartate; Branched-Chain Amino Acids; Percutaneous Embolization of Large Portosystemic Shunts; Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System; Liver Transplantation; References
Chapter 7: Prevention of Recurrence of Hepatic EncephalopathyIntroduction; Luminal Agents; Nonabsorbable Disaccharides; Rifaximin; Probiotics; Extraluminal Agents; Glycerol Phenylbutyrate; Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAA); Interventions; Embolization of Large Spontaneous Shunt; Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration; Conclusion; References; Chapter 8: Hepatic Encephalopathy Diagnosis Conundrums; Introduction; Instead of HE 1: Seizure in Compensated Cirrhosis and Cerebrovascular Disease; Instead of HE 2: Viral Encephalitis in Decompensated Cirrhosis