Preface
Introduction


Chapter 1. General use and applications
1.1 What is level measurement?
1.2 The categories of level measurement
1.3 Differences between liquid and bulk solid levels
1.4 Conclusion


Chapter 2. Point level: an introduction
2.1 What is point level measurement?
2.2 A word about "Process control"
2.3 Point level sensor technology
2.4 Conclusion


Chapter 3. Point level: technology selection
3.1 Installation/process
3.2 Material characteristics
3.3 Conclusion


Chapter 4. Point level: specialty technologies
4.1 Beam-breaker
4.2 Radiometric point level sensor
4.3 Conclusion


Chapter 5. Introduction to contents measurement
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Choosing a measuring strategy
5.3 Application considerations
5.4 Conclusion


Chapter 6. Contents measurement: level technology selection
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Level measurement technologies for contents inventory measurement
6.3 Surface mapping level sensor techniques
6.4 Conclusion


Chapter 7. Contents measurement: weighing technology
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Stationary weight measuring sensor systems
7.3 Pressed-in/bolted-on strain gauge type sensor system
7.4 Conclusion


Chapter 8. Conclusions
8.1 Level control
8.2 Bin contents measurement
8.3 Conclusion


Appendix A. Safety
1. Introduction
2. An introduction to safety instrumented systems and safety integrity levels
3. An introduction to hazardous electrical locations
4. Conclusion
5. Appendix for hazardous locations


Appendix B. Bulk solids flow
1. Introduction
2. Stresses in bulk solids
3. Adhesive forces
4. Flowability
5. Practical determination of flow properties
6. Further measurement methods and devices for the determination of bulk solid properties
7. Summary
Index.