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Table of Contents
Preface to the second edition
Preface to the reissue of the Materials characterization series
Preface to series
Preface to the reissue of Characterization of tribological materials
Preface
Acronyms
Contributors
[1.] Introduction
[2.] The role of adhesion in wear
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Considerations for experiments
Background
Macroscopic experiments
Atomic level experiments
Microscopic contacts
2.3 Theoretical considerations at the atomic level
Background for theory
Universal binding energy relation
Semiempirical methods
2.4 Conclusions
References
[3.] Friction
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Sliding friction
Basic concepts
The dual nature of frictional process
Phenomenology of friction process
Real area of contact
Adhesion component of friction
The interface shear stress
Deformation component of friction
Viscoelastic component of friction
Friction under boundary lubrication conditions
Phenomena associated with friction
3.3 Rolling friction
Review of rolling friction hypotheses
Free rolling
3.4 Exceptional friction processes
3.5 Conclusions
References
[4.] Adhesive wear
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Surface analysis
4.3 Auger analysis of worn surfaces after "unlubricated wear"
4.4 In situ systems
4.5 Conclusions
References
[5.] Abrasive wear
5.1 Abrasive asperities and grooves
5.2 Yield criterion of an abrasive asperity
Abrasive wear mode diagram
5.3 Degree of wear at one abrasive groove
5.4 Macroscopic wear in multiple abrasive sliding contacts
References
[6.] Boundary lubrication
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Mechanical effects in lubrication
6.3 Adequacy of hydrodynamic fluid films
6.4 Chemical effects in liquid lubrication, boundary lubrication
6.5 Wear and failure
6.6 Research in boundary lubrication
6.7 Laboratory research
6.8 Composition of films
6.9 Further mechanical effects of the boundary lubricant layer
6.10 Surface analysis of boundary lubricated metals
6.11 Ellipsometry and its use in measuring film thickness
References
[7.] Magnetic recording surfaces
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Magnetic storage systems
7.3 Wear mechanisms
Head-(particulate) tape interface
Head-(particulate) rigid disk interface
Head-(thin-film) rigid disk interface
7.4 Lubrication mechanisms
Measurement of localized lubricant film thickness
Lubricant-disk surface interactions
Lubricant degradation
References
[8.] Surface analysis of precision ball bearings
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Disassembly
Examination, optical microscopy, and photography
Gas analysis by mass spectrometry
Lubricant analysis and removal
8.3 Microexamination
Scanning electron microscopy
Profilometry
8.4 Surface analysis
Auger electron spectroscopy
Photoelectron spectroscopy
SIMS
Vibrational spectroscopy
8.5 Future directions
Acknowledgments
References
[9.] Atomic force microscope nanofriction
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Description
9.3 Friction measurements
9.4 Uses
9.5 Kelvin probe application
References
Appendices: technique summaries
Light microscopy
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
In situ wear device for the scanning electron microscope
Scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning force microscopy (STM and SFM)
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS)
Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM)
Electron probe x-ray microanalysis (EPMA)
X-ray diffraction (XRD)
Low-energy electron diffraction (LEED)
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)
Auger electron spectroscopy (AES)
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)
Raman spectroscopy
Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS)
Static secondary ion mass spectrometry (static SIMS)
Surface roughness: measurement, formation by sputtering, impact on depth profiling
Index.
Preface to the reissue of the Materials characterization series
Preface to series
Preface to the reissue of Characterization of tribological materials
Preface
Acronyms
Contributors
[1.] Introduction
[2.] The role of adhesion in wear
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Considerations for experiments
Background
Macroscopic experiments
Atomic level experiments
Microscopic contacts
2.3 Theoretical considerations at the atomic level
Background for theory
Universal binding energy relation
Semiempirical methods
2.4 Conclusions
References
[3.] Friction
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Sliding friction
Basic concepts
The dual nature of frictional process
Phenomenology of friction process
Real area of contact
Adhesion component of friction
The interface shear stress
Deformation component of friction
Viscoelastic component of friction
Friction under boundary lubrication conditions
Phenomena associated with friction
3.3 Rolling friction
Review of rolling friction hypotheses
Free rolling
3.4 Exceptional friction processes
3.5 Conclusions
References
[4.] Adhesive wear
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Surface analysis
4.3 Auger analysis of worn surfaces after "unlubricated wear"
4.4 In situ systems
4.5 Conclusions
References
[5.] Abrasive wear
5.1 Abrasive asperities and grooves
5.2 Yield criterion of an abrasive asperity
Abrasive wear mode diagram
5.3 Degree of wear at one abrasive groove
5.4 Macroscopic wear in multiple abrasive sliding contacts
References
[6.] Boundary lubrication
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Mechanical effects in lubrication
6.3 Adequacy of hydrodynamic fluid films
6.4 Chemical effects in liquid lubrication, boundary lubrication
6.5 Wear and failure
6.6 Research in boundary lubrication
6.7 Laboratory research
6.8 Composition of films
6.9 Further mechanical effects of the boundary lubricant layer
6.10 Surface analysis of boundary lubricated metals
6.11 Ellipsometry and its use in measuring film thickness
References
[7.] Magnetic recording surfaces
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Magnetic storage systems
7.3 Wear mechanisms
Head-(particulate) tape interface
Head-(particulate) rigid disk interface
Head-(thin-film) rigid disk interface
7.4 Lubrication mechanisms
Measurement of localized lubricant film thickness
Lubricant-disk surface interactions
Lubricant degradation
References
[8.] Surface analysis of precision ball bearings
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Disassembly
Examination, optical microscopy, and photography
Gas analysis by mass spectrometry
Lubricant analysis and removal
8.3 Microexamination
Scanning electron microscopy
Profilometry
8.4 Surface analysis
Auger electron spectroscopy
Photoelectron spectroscopy
SIMS
Vibrational spectroscopy
8.5 Future directions
Acknowledgments
References
[9.] Atomic force microscope nanofriction
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Description
9.3 Friction measurements
9.4 Uses
9.5 Kelvin probe application
References
Appendices: technique summaries
Light microscopy
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
In situ wear device for the scanning electron microscope
Scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning force microscopy (STM and SFM)
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS)
Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM)
Electron probe x-ray microanalysis (EPMA)
X-ray diffraction (XRD)
Low-energy electron diffraction (LEED)
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)
Auger electron spectroscopy (AES)
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)
Raman spectroscopy
Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS)
Static secondary ion mass spectrometry (static SIMS)
Surface roughness: measurement, formation by sputtering, impact on depth profiling
Index.