Machine generated contents note: Preface; 1. Introduction; 2. Key terms and concepts; 3. Previous work positing a causal relationship between sport and democratization; 4. Congruence between society and sport; 5. Sport as a school for democracy; 6. Sport as an impediment to democratization; 7. Studying the cumulative effect of horizontal mass sport on democratization; 8. Sport and society in early iron-age Greece; 9. Sport and society in sixth- and fifth-century BCE Greece; 10. Sport and democratization in sixth- and fifth-century BCE Greece; 11. Sport and society in Britain from 1800 to 1840; 12. Sport and society in Britain from 1840 to 1870; 13. A quick trip to the continent: sport in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Germany; 14. Sport and society in Britain from 1870 to 1900; 15. Sport and democratization in nineteenth-century Britain; 16. Mass sport in the United States; 17. Conclusion.