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Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Literature review results
1.2 Acceptability and prevalence of implants
1.3 Overview of implant technology
References
2. Implantable materials
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Metallic biomaterials
2.3 Polymeric biomaterials
2.4 Ceramic biomaterials
2.5 Composites
References
3. Interfacial reactions between vital tissue and nonvital implant surfaces
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Toxicity
3.2.1 Chemical toxicity
3.2.2 Biological toxicity
3.2.3 Physical toxicity
3.3 Allergic reaction
3.4 Compatibility
3.4.1 Hemocompatibility
3.4.2 Cytocompatibility
3.5 Bone healing
3.5.1 Cellular response to biomaterials
3.5.2 Cell attachment, adhesion, and spreading
3.5.3 Cell proliferation and differentiation
3.5.4 Bone ingrowth
3.5.5 Bone healing and grafting
3.5.6 Osseointegration
3.6 Loosening implants and infection
References
4. Requirements for successful implant systems
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Biological compatibility
4.3 Biomechanical compatibility
4.4 Morphological compatibility
References
5. Surface modification
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Nature of surface and interface
5.3 Surface modification technologies
5.3.1 Mechanical modification
5.3.2 Chemical and electrochemical modifications
5.3.3 Physical modification
5.3.4 Thermal modification
5.3.5 Combined technology
5.4 Coating materials and materials preparation
5.4.1 Metallic materials
5.4.2 Polymeric materials
5.4.3 Ceramics
metallic oxides, nitrides, and carbides
5.4.4 Ceramics
nonmetallic compounds
5.4.5 Composites, hybrids, functional gradient materials, and biomimetic materials
5.4.6 Others
References
6. Evaluation and characterization of modified surfaces
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Safety concerns and testing
6.3 Magnetic resonance imaging safety and image compatibility
6.4 Hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity
6.5 Blood compatibility
6.6 Cell adhesion and adhesive strength
6.7 Osseointegration
6.8 Biomimetic coating
6.9 Measures against toxic ion elution
6.10 Evaluation of biocompatibility
6.11 Mechanical properties
6.12 Temperature changes
6.13 Corrosion behavior
6.14 Effect of sterilization
6.15 Strontium effect
6.16 Characterization of HA
6.17 Characterization of other bio-ceramics
6.18 Surface texturing and topology
6.19 Retrieved implants
References
7. New materials, new structures, and new technologies
7.1 Introduction
7.2 New materials
7.2.1 Bone materials
7.2.2 Porous materials
7.2.3 Nanomaterials
7.2.4 Functionally gradient materials
7.3 New structures
7.3.1 Nanostructures
7.3.2 Biomimetic functionalization
7.4 New technologies
7.4.1 Tissue engineering
7.4.2 Three-dimensional printing
7.4.3 Laser technologies
7.4.4 Electrospinning
7.4.5 Atmospheric plasma treatment
7.4.6 Friction stir welding
7.4.7 Near-net shape (NNS) forming
7.4.8 Miscellaneous
References
Index.
1.1 Literature review results
1.2 Acceptability and prevalence of implants
1.3 Overview of implant technology
References
2. Implantable materials
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Metallic biomaterials
2.3 Polymeric biomaterials
2.4 Ceramic biomaterials
2.5 Composites
References
3. Interfacial reactions between vital tissue and nonvital implant surfaces
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Toxicity
3.2.1 Chemical toxicity
3.2.2 Biological toxicity
3.2.3 Physical toxicity
3.3 Allergic reaction
3.4 Compatibility
3.4.1 Hemocompatibility
3.4.2 Cytocompatibility
3.5 Bone healing
3.5.1 Cellular response to biomaterials
3.5.2 Cell attachment, adhesion, and spreading
3.5.3 Cell proliferation and differentiation
3.5.4 Bone ingrowth
3.5.5 Bone healing and grafting
3.5.6 Osseointegration
3.6 Loosening implants and infection
References
4. Requirements for successful implant systems
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Biological compatibility
4.3 Biomechanical compatibility
4.4 Morphological compatibility
References
5. Surface modification
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Nature of surface and interface
5.3 Surface modification technologies
5.3.1 Mechanical modification
5.3.2 Chemical and electrochemical modifications
5.3.3 Physical modification
5.3.4 Thermal modification
5.3.5 Combined technology
5.4 Coating materials and materials preparation
5.4.1 Metallic materials
5.4.2 Polymeric materials
5.4.3 Ceramics
metallic oxides, nitrides, and carbides
5.4.4 Ceramics
nonmetallic compounds
5.4.5 Composites, hybrids, functional gradient materials, and biomimetic materials
5.4.6 Others
References
6. Evaluation and characterization of modified surfaces
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Safety concerns and testing
6.3 Magnetic resonance imaging safety and image compatibility
6.4 Hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity
6.5 Blood compatibility
6.6 Cell adhesion and adhesive strength
6.7 Osseointegration
6.8 Biomimetic coating
6.9 Measures against toxic ion elution
6.10 Evaluation of biocompatibility
6.11 Mechanical properties
6.12 Temperature changes
6.13 Corrosion behavior
6.14 Effect of sterilization
6.15 Strontium effect
6.16 Characterization of HA
6.17 Characterization of other bio-ceramics
6.18 Surface texturing and topology
6.19 Retrieved implants
References
7. New materials, new structures, and new technologies
7.1 Introduction
7.2 New materials
7.2.1 Bone materials
7.2.2 Porous materials
7.2.3 Nanomaterials
7.2.4 Functionally gradient materials
7.3 New structures
7.3.1 Nanostructures
7.3.2 Biomimetic functionalization
7.4 New technologies
7.4.1 Tissue engineering
7.4.2 Three-dimensional printing
7.4.3 Laser technologies
7.4.4 Electrospinning
7.4.5 Atmospheric plasma treatment
7.4.6 Friction stir welding
7.4.7 Near-net shape (NNS) forming
7.4.8 Miscellaneous
References
Index.