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Table of Contents
Intro; Preface; Contents; Abbreviations; Part I: Introduction; Chapter 1: X-Ray Nanochemistry: Background and Introduction; 1.1 Background and Introduction; 1.1.1 Ionizing Radiation and Nature; 1.1.2 History of Nanochemistry; 1.1.3 Early Histories Related to X-Ray Nanochemistry; 1.1.4 Early Works Outside UC Davis; 1.1.5 Development of X-Ray Nanochemistry in the Guo Lab at UC Davis; 1.1.6 Formal Introduction of X-Ray Nanochemistry; 1.1.7 Categories and Types of Enhancement and Enhancement Units; 1.1.8 Similarities and Differences Between X-Rays and Other Types of Ionizing Radiation
1.1.9 Difference Between X-Ray Nanochemistry and X-Ray Synthesis of Nanomaterials1.1.10 X-Ray Nanotechnology and X-Ray Nanobiology; 1.1.11 The Developing Trend and Impact of X-Ray Nanochemistry; 1.2 Other Reading Materials Related to X-Ray Nanochemistry; 1.3 Outline of the Book; References; Part II: Concepts; Chapter 2: Physical Enhancement of the Effectiveness of X-Ray Irradiation; 2.1 Introduction; 2.1.1 Physical Enhancement: Introduction; 2.1.2 Physical Enhancement: Motivations; 2.1.3 Physical Enhancement: Early History; 2.2 Basic Physical Principles Behind Physical Enhancement
2.2.1 X-Ray Interactions with Atoms and Compounds2.2.1.1 Attenuation of X-Rays by Atoms and Compounds; 2.2.1.2 Emission of Electrons After X-Ray Absorption; 2.2.1.3 Emission of Secondary X-Rays or X-Ray Fluorescence After X-Ray Absorption; 2.2.1.4 Summary of X-Ray Attenuation; 2.2.1.5 Energy Deposition During Electron Interactions with Matter; 2.2.2 X-Ray Interactions with Thin and Thick Bulk Solid Samples; 2.2.3 X-Ray Interactions with Nanomaterials; 2.2.3.1 Electron Emission and Energy Deposition; 2.2.3.2 Scintillation and Photon Emission
2.3 Physical Enhancement by Nanomaterials: General Discussion2.3.1 Definition of Physical Enhancement; 2.3.1.1 Definition of Physical Enhancement; 2.3.1.2 Units of Physical Enhancement and Absolute and Relative Physical Enhancement; 2.3.1.3 Other Considerations; 2.3.2 Early Works on Physical Enhancement from Nanomaterials; 2.3.3 Theoretical Modeling of Physical Enhancement; 2.3.3.1 Theoretical Simulation of Physical Enhancement; 2.3.3.2 Theoretical Packages for Physical Enhancement Calculations; 2.3.3.3 Results of Theoretical Simulations of Physical Enhancement
2.3.4 Experimental Investigations of Physical Enhancement2.4 Three Types of Physical Enhancement; 2.4.1 Definition of Three Types of Physical Enhancement; 2.4.2 Type 1 Physical Enhancement; 2.4.2.1 Definition of Type 1 Physical Enhancement; 2.4.2.2 Results of Theoretical Calculations of Type 1 Physical Enhancement; 2.4.2.3 Results of Experimental Investigations of Type 1 Physical Enhancement; 2.4.2.4 Other Works of Detecting Type 1 Physical Enhancement with Nanomaterials; 2.4.2.5 Benchmarking Type 1 Physical Enhancement
1.1.9 Difference Between X-Ray Nanochemistry and X-Ray Synthesis of Nanomaterials1.1.10 X-Ray Nanotechnology and X-Ray Nanobiology; 1.1.11 The Developing Trend and Impact of X-Ray Nanochemistry; 1.2 Other Reading Materials Related to X-Ray Nanochemistry; 1.3 Outline of the Book; References; Part II: Concepts; Chapter 2: Physical Enhancement of the Effectiveness of X-Ray Irradiation; 2.1 Introduction; 2.1.1 Physical Enhancement: Introduction; 2.1.2 Physical Enhancement: Motivations; 2.1.3 Physical Enhancement: Early History; 2.2 Basic Physical Principles Behind Physical Enhancement
2.2.1 X-Ray Interactions with Atoms and Compounds2.2.1.1 Attenuation of X-Rays by Atoms and Compounds; 2.2.1.2 Emission of Electrons After X-Ray Absorption; 2.2.1.3 Emission of Secondary X-Rays or X-Ray Fluorescence After X-Ray Absorption; 2.2.1.4 Summary of X-Ray Attenuation; 2.2.1.5 Energy Deposition During Electron Interactions with Matter; 2.2.2 X-Ray Interactions with Thin and Thick Bulk Solid Samples; 2.2.3 X-Ray Interactions with Nanomaterials; 2.2.3.1 Electron Emission and Energy Deposition; 2.2.3.2 Scintillation and Photon Emission
2.3 Physical Enhancement by Nanomaterials: General Discussion2.3.1 Definition of Physical Enhancement; 2.3.1.1 Definition of Physical Enhancement; 2.3.1.2 Units of Physical Enhancement and Absolute and Relative Physical Enhancement; 2.3.1.3 Other Considerations; 2.3.2 Early Works on Physical Enhancement from Nanomaterials; 2.3.3 Theoretical Modeling of Physical Enhancement; 2.3.3.1 Theoretical Simulation of Physical Enhancement; 2.3.3.2 Theoretical Packages for Physical Enhancement Calculations; 2.3.3.3 Results of Theoretical Simulations of Physical Enhancement
2.3.4 Experimental Investigations of Physical Enhancement2.4 Three Types of Physical Enhancement; 2.4.1 Definition of Three Types of Physical Enhancement; 2.4.2 Type 1 Physical Enhancement; 2.4.2.1 Definition of Type 1 Physical Enhancement; 2.4.2.2 Results of Theoretical Calculations of Type 1 Physical Enhancement; 2.4.2.3 Results of Experimental Investigations of Type 1 Physical Enhancement; 2.4.2.4 Other Works of Detecting Type 1 Physical Enhancement with Nanomaterials; 2.4.2.5 Benchmarking Type 1 Physical Enhancement