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Table of Contents
Intro; Preface; Acknowledgements; Contents; About the Authors; Abbreviations; 1 Introduction; 1.1 General Aspects and Outline; 1.2 Economic and Environmental Aspects of Bio-based Packaging; 1.3 Bio-Based Packaging Developments; References; 2 Lignocellulosic Materials: Sources and Processing Technologies; 2.1 Current Perspective; 2.2 Lignocellulosic Materials: Definition, Composition and Sources; 2.3 Structure of Lignocellulosic Materials; 2.3.1 Cellulose; 2.3.2 Hemicellulose; 2.3.3 Lignin; 2.4 Processing Technologies; 2.4.1 Processing of Lignocellulosic Material Components
2.4.1.1 Cellulose Processing2.4.1.2 Hemicellulose Processing; 2.4.1.3 Lignin Processing; References; 3 Functional Properties of Lignocellulosic Materials; 3.1 General Aspects; 3.1.1 Cellulose Properties; 3.1.2 Hemicellulose Properties; 3.1.3 Lignin Properties; References; 4 Processing, Production Methods and Characterization of Bio-Based Packaging Materials; 4.1 Production of Bio-based Packaging; 4.1.1 Wet Process; 4.1.2 Dry Process; 4.1.3 Other Processing Technologies; 4.2 Properties and Characterization Techniques; 4.2.1 Thermal and Mechanical Properties; 4.2.2 Barrier Properties
4.2.3 Optical Properties4.2.4 Solubility; 4.2.5 Chemical Structure and Morphology; 4.2.6 Wettability of Bio-Based Coatings; 4.3 Biodegradability and Life Cycle Assessment; References; 5 Use of Lignocellulosic Materials in Bio-based Packaging; 5.1 Bio-Based Packaging; 5.2 Lignocellulosic Materials as Packaging Materials; 5.2.1 Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Packaging Materials; 5.2.1.1 Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives in Poly(Lactic Acid); 5.2.1.2 Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives in PHA/PHB; 5.2.1.3 Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives in Starch
5.2.2 Hemicelluloses as Packaging Materials5.2.3 Lignin as Packaging Material; 5.2.4 Raw or Mildly Pre-treated LCMs as Packaging Material; References; 6 Food Applications of Lignocellulosic-Based Packaging Materials; 6.1 General Aspects; 6.1.1 Coatings; 6.1.2 Films; References; 7 Conclusion and Future Trends; 7.1 Conclusion; 7.2 Future Trends; References
2.4.1.1 Cellulose Processing2.4.1.2 Hemicellulose Processing; 2.4.1.3 Lignin Processing; References; 3 Functional Properties of Lignocellulosic Materials; 3.1 General Aspects; 3.1.1 Cellulose Properties; 3.1.2 Hemicellulose Properties; 3.1.3 Lignin Properties; References; 4 Processing, Production Methods and Characterization of Bio-Based Packaging Materials; 4.1 Production of Bio-based Packaging; 4.1.1 Wet Process; 4.1.2 Dry Process; 4.1.3 Other Processing Technologies; 4.2 Properties and Characterization Techniques; 4.2.1 Thermal and Mechanical Properties; 4.2.2 Barrier Properties
4.2.3 Optical Properties4.2.4 Solubility; 4.2.5 Chemical Structure and Morphology; 4.2.6 Wettability of Bio-Based Coatings; 4.3 Biodegradability and Life Cycle Assessment; References; 5 Use of Lignocellulosic Materials in Bio-based Packaging; 5.1 Bio-Based Packaging; 5.2 Lignocellulosic Materials as Packaging Materials; 5.2.1 Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Packaging Materials; 5.2.1.1 Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives in Poly(Lactic Acid); 5.2.1.2 Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives in PHA/PHB; 5.2.1.3 Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives in Starch
5.2.2 Hemicelluloses as Packaging Materials5.2.3 Lignin as Packaging Material; 5.2.4 Raw or Mildly Pre-treated LCMs as Packaging Material; References; 6 Food Applications of Lignocellulosic-Based Packaging Materials; 6.1 General Aspects; 6.1.1 Coatings; 6.1.2 Films; References; 7 Conclusion and Future Trends; 7.1 Conclusion; 7.2 Future Trends; References