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Intro; Preface; Contents; Photochemistry and Photo-Fabrication; 1 Photochemistry; Abstract; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Photochemistry [1]; 1.2.1 Energy Diagram [3]; 1.2.2 Electronic Structures [5]; 1.2.3 Electronic Transition [5, 6]; 1.2.4 Absorption and Excitation Spectra [3]; 1.2.5 Photochemical Reactions [3]; 1.2.5.1 Reactions; 1.2.5.2 Sensitizer; 1.2.5.3 Visible-Light Responsive Photo-Sensitizer; 1.3 Light Source [20]; 1.4 Light and Medicine [24]; 1.5 Conclusions; References; 2 Photochemical Processed Materials; Abstract; 2.1 Photochemical Processes for Polymeric Materials [1]
2.1.1 Photopolymerization2.1.1.1 Polymerization Mechanism; 2.1.1.2 Photoinitiators [3]; 2.1.1.3 Visible-Light Initiators; 2.1.1.4 Macromolecular Photoinitiator [1, 45, 46]; 2.1.1.5 Photo-Iniferter [47]; 2.1.2 Photoreactive Polymers; 2.1.2.1 Photoreactive Groups [58-60]; 2.1.2.2 Photoreactive Polymer by Polymerization; 2.2 Photodegradation [84-86]; References; 3 Photofabrication; Abstract; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Planar Fabrication and 2D Structuring; 3.2.1 Micropatterning; 3.2.2 Undeformative Processing; 3.2.3 Additive Processing; 3.2.3.1 Surface Modification; "Grafting-to"; "Grafting-from"
3.2.3.2 Deposition and Transfer of BiomaterialsPulsed Laser Deposition (PLD); Laser-Induced Forward Transfer (LIFT); 3.2.4 Subtractive Processing; 3.2.4.1 Photoablation; 3.2.4.2 Surface Nanostructuring; 3.3 3D Fabrication and Volume Processing; 3.3.1 Stereolithography; 3.3.2 Ultrafast Laser 3D Fabrication; 3.3.2.1 Principle of 3D Fabrication by Ultrafast Laser; 3.3.2.2 Undeformative 3D Fabrication; 3.3.2.3 Subtractive 3D Fabrication; 3.3.2.4 Additive 3D Fabrication (Two-Photon Polymerization); Medical and Tissue Engineering Applications; 3D Printing of Proteins; 3.3.2.5 Hybrid 3D Fabrication
3.4 ConclusionsReferences; Applications for Diagnostics; 4 Microarray Chips (in Vitro Diagnosis); Abstract; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Microarrays for Gene Analyses; 4.3 Microarrays for Protein Analyses; 4.4 Microarrays for Other Analyses; 4.5 Automated Systems for Microarray Analyses; 4.6 Future Outlook; References; 5 Clinical Diagnostic Imaging; Abstract; 5.1 Targeting Methodology for Clinical Image Diagnosis; 5.1.1 Contrast-Agent Targeting for Clinical Image Diagnoses; 5.1.2 Characteristics of Photochemical Contrast-Agent Systems; 5.2 Carriers Used for Imaging Diagnosis
5.2.1 Polymeric Materials5.2.1.1 Dendrimers; 5.2.1.2 Liposomes; 5.2.1.3 Polymeric Micelles; 5.2.2 Metal Nanoparticles; 5.2.2.1 Quantum Dots; 5.2.2.2 Silica Nanoparticles (SiNPs); 5.2.2.3 Gold Nanoparticles (GNPs); 5.2.2.4 Iron Nanoparticles (FeNPs); 5.3 Applications of Optical Imaging; 5.3.1 Categories of Optical Imaging Agents for Medical Diagnoses; 5.3.2 Recent Advanced Developments in Optical Techniques for Imaging Diagnoses; 5.3.2.1 Near-Infrared Fluorescence (NIRF) Imaging; 5.3.2.2 Photoacoustic Tomography; 5.3.2.3 Raman Spectroscopy (Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, SERS)
2.1.1 Photopolymerization2.1.1.1 Polymerization Mechanism; 2.1.1.2 Photoinitiators [3]; 2.1.1.3 Visible-Light Initiators; 2.1.1.4 Macromolecular Photoinitiator [1, 45, 46]; 2.1.1.5 Photo-Iniferter [47]; 2.1.2 Photoreactive Polymers; 2.1.2.1 Photoreactive Groups [58-60]; 2.1.2.2 Photoreactive Polymer by Polymerization; 2.2 Photodegradation [84-86]; References; 3 Photofabrication; Abstract; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Planar Fabrication and 2D Structuring; 3.2.1 Micropatterning; 3.2.2 Undeformative Processing; 3.2.3 Additive Processing; 3.2.3.1 Surface Modification; "Grafting-to"; "Grafting-from"
3.2.3.2 Deposition and Transfer of BiomaterialsPulsed Laser Deposition (PLD); Laser-Induced Forward Transfer (LIFT); 3.2.4 Subtractive Processing; 3.2.4.1 Photoablation; 3.2.4.2 Surface Nanostructuring; 3.3 3D Fabrication and Volume Processing; 3.3.1 Stereolithography; 3.3.2 Ultrafast Laser 3D Fabrication; 3.3.2.1 Principle of 3D Fabrication by Ultrafast Laser; 3.3.2.2 Undeformative 3D Fabrication; 3.3.2.3 Subtractive 3D Fabrication; 3.3.2.4 Additive 3D Fabrication (Two-Photon Polymerization); Medical and Tissue Engineering Applications; 3D Printing of Proteins; 3.3.2.5 Hybrid 3D Fabrication
3.4 ConclusionsReferences; Applications for Diagnostics; 4 Microarray Chips (in Vitro Diagnosis); Abstract; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Microarrays for Gene Analyses; 4.3 Microarrays for Protein Analyses; 4.4 Microarrays for Other Analyses; 4.5 Automated Systems for Microarray Analyses; 4.6 Future Outlook; References; 5 Clinical Diagnostic Imaging; Abstract; 5.1 Targeting Methodology for Clinical Image Diagnosis; 5.1.1 Contrast-Agent Targeting for Clinical Image Diagnoses; 5.1.2 Characteristics of Photochemical Contrast-Agent Systems; 5.2 Carriers Used for Imaging Diagnosis
5.2.1 Polymeric Materials5.2.1.1 Dendrimers; 5.2.1.2 Liposomes; 5.2.1.3 Polymeric Micelles; 5.2.2 Metal Nanoparticles; 5.2.2.1 Quantum Dots; 5.2.2.2 Silica Nanoparticles (SiNPs); 5.2.2.3 Gold Nanoparticles (GNPs); 5.2.2.4 Iron Nanoparticles (FeNPs); 5.3 Applications of Optical Imaging; 5.3.1 Categories of Optical Imaging Agents for Medical Diagnoses; 5.3.2 Recent Advanced Developments in Optical Techniques for Imaging Diagnoses; 5.3.2.1 Near-Infrared Fluorescence (NIRF) Imaging; 5.3.2.2 Photoacoustic Tomography; 5.3.2.3 Raman Spectroscopy (Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, SERS)