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Table of Contents
Intro; Preface; Contents; Contributors; About the Editors; Chapter 1: Salinity Responses and Adaptive Mechanisms in Halophytes and Their Exploitation for Producing Salinity Tolerant Crops; 1.1 Breeding for Salinity Tolerance: Current Stand; 1.2 Strategies of Salt Resistance in Halophytes; 1.2.1 Tolerance Strategy or Osmotic Strategy; 1.2.2 Avoidance Strategy; 1.3 Learning from Signaling Pathways in Halophytes in Response to Salinity; 1.3.1 Regulation of Ion Homeostasis by SOS Signaling Pathway in Halophytes; 1.3.2 Vacuolar Compartmentalization System
1.3.3 Osmolyte Biosynthesis Pathways: Opposite Regulation in Halophytes and Glycophytes1.3.4 ROS Homeostasis; 1.4 Learning from the Acclimation of Halophytes to Their Natural Biotopes; 1.5 How Can We Exploit Regulation Pathways and Acclimation in Halophytes to Produce Salt Tolerant Crops?; 1.5.1 Over-Expression of Genes from Halophytes in Salt Sensitive Species; 1.5.2 H2O2 Priming; 1.5.3 Salinity Pre-treatment; 1.6 Conclusions and Perspectives; References; Chapter 2: The Involvement of Different Secondary Metabolites in Salinity Tolerance of Crops; 2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Divisions of Plant Secondary Metabolites in Known Salt-Tolerant Plants2.1.2 Role of Alkaloids in Salt Stress; 2.1.3 Role of Phenolic Compounds in Salt Stress; 2.2 Role Lignins in Salt Stress; 2.3 Role of Glucosinolates in Salt Stress; 2.4 The Essential Oils Under Salt Stress; 2.5 Tannins Under Salt Stress; 2.6 Manipulations/Genetic Engineering of Secondary Metabolites for Conferring Salinity Tolerance; 2.7 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Exploring Halotolerant Rhizomicrobes as a Pool of Potent Genes for Engineering Salt Stress Tolerance in Crops; 3.1 Introduction
3.2 Plant Salt Adaptation Mechanisms to the Salt-Stressed Conditions3.3 Presence of Halotolerant or Halophilic Rhizomicrobes; 3.4 Halophilic Rhizomicrobe Adaptation Mechanisms to the Hypersaline Environments; 3.5 Root Halotolerant Microbial Inoculation and Plant Salt Tolerance; 3.5.1 Halotolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR); 3.5.1.1 Halotolerant PGPR-Induced Morphophysiological Alterations; 3.5.1.2 Halotolerant PGPR-Induced Phytohormone Production; 3.5.1.3 Halotolerant PGPR-Induced Osmolyte Accumulation
3.5.1.4 Halotolerant PGPR-Induced Ion Homeostasis and Nutrient Acquisition3.5.1.5 Halotolerant PGPR-Induced Antioxidative System; 3.5.1.6 Halotolerant PGPR-Induced Gene Expression; 3.5.2 Halotolerant Endophytic Bacteria; 3.5.3 Halotolerant Rhizobia; 3.5.4 Halotolerant Fungi; 3.6 Plant Salt Mitigation by Introducing Halotolerant Microbial Genes; 3.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives; References; Chapter 4: Regulation and Modification of the Epigenome for Enhanced Salinity Tolerance in Crop Plants; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Histone Acetylation; 4.3 Histone Methylation and Phosphorylation
1.3.3 Osmolyte Biosynthesis Pathways: Opposite Regulation in Halophytes and Glycophytes1.3.4 ROS Homeostasis; 1.4 Learning from the Acclimation of Halophytes to Their Natural Biotopes; 1.5 How Can We Exploit Regulation Pathways and Acclimation in Halophytes to Produce Salt Tolerant Crops?; 1.5.1 Over-Expression of Genes from Halophytes in Salt Sensitive Species; 1.5.2 H2O2 Priming; 1.5.3 Salinity Pre-treatment; 1.6 Conclusions and Perspectives; References; Chapter 2: The Involvement of Different Secondary Metabolites in Salinity Tolerance of Crops; 2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Divisions of Plant Secondary Metabolites in Known Salt-Tolerant Plants2.1.2 Role of Alkaloids in Salt Stress; 2.1.3 Role of Phenolic Compounds in Salt Stress; 2.2 Role Lignins in Salt Stress; 2.3 Role of Glucosinolates in Salt Stress; 2.4 The Essential Oils Under Salt Stress; 2.5 Tannins Under Salt Stress; 2.6 Manipulations/Genetic Engineering of Secondary Metabolites for Conferring Salinity Tolerance; 2.7 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Exploring Halotolerant Rhizomicrobes as a Pool of Potent Genes for Engineering Salt Stress Tolerance in Crops; 3.1 Introduction
3.2 Plant Salt Adaptation Mechanisms to the Salt-Stressed Conditions3.3 Presence of Halotolerant or Halophilic Rhizomicrobes; 3.4 Halophilic Rhizomicrobe Adaptation Mechanisms to the Hypersaline Environments; 3.5 Root Halotolerant Microbial Inoculation and Plant Salt Tolerance; 3.5.1 Halotolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR); 3.5.1.1 Halotolerant PGPR-Induced Morphophysiological Alterations; 3.5.1.2 Halotolerant PGPR-Induced Phytohormone Production; 3.5.1.3 Halotolerant PGPR-Induced Osmolyte Accumulation
3.5.1.4 Halotolerant PGPR-Induced Ion Homeostasis and Nutrient Acquisition3.5.1.5 Halotolerant PGPR-Induced Antioxidative System; 3.5.1.6 Halotolerant PGPR-Induced Gene Expression; 3.5.2 Halotolerant Endophytic Bacteria; 3.5.3 Halotolerant Rhizobia; 3.5.4 Halotolerant Fungi; 3.6 Plant Salt Mitigation by Introducing Halotolerant Microbial Genes; 3.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives; References; Chapter 4: Regulation and Modification of the Epigenome for Enhanced Salinity Tolerance in Crop Plants; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Histone Acetylation; 4.3 Histone Methylation and Phosphorylation