Intro; Dedication; Foreword; Preface; Contents; Contributors; About the Editors; Cell and Tissue Culture Approaches in Relation to Crop Improvement; 1 Introduction; 2 Micropropagation; 2.1 Significance of Micropropagation; 3 Meristem Culture; 4 Micrografting; 5 Somatic Embryogenesis; 6 Somaclonal Variation; 6.1 Induction of Somaclonal Variation; 6.2 Causes of Somaclonal Variation; 6.2.1 Chromosomal Changes; 6.2.2 Mitotic Crossing Over; 6.2.3 Apparent 'Point' Mutations; 6.2.4 Cytoplasmic Genetic Changes; 6.2.5 Amplifications and Deamplifications; 6.2.6 Transposable Element Activation

6.2.7 Methylation/Demethylation of DNA6.2.8 Altered Expression of Multigene Families; 6.3 Nature of Somaclonal Variation; 6.4 Significance of Somaclonal Variation in Crop Improvement; 7 In Vitro Production of Haploids; 7.1 Anther Culture; 7.1.1 Significance of Anther Culture; 7.2 Isolated Microspore/Pollen Culture; 7.3 Unpollinated Ovary Culture; 7.4 Embryo Rescue from Wide Crosses; 7.4.1 Bulbosum Method; 7.4.2 Wheat Haploids from Wheat × Maize Crosses; 8 Embryo/Ovule/Ovary Culture for Wide Hybridization; 9 Somatic Hybridization; 9.1 Protoplast Culture and Somatic Hybridization

9.2 Significance in Crop Improvement10 In Vitro Production of Secondary Metabolites; 11 Cryopreservation and In Vitro Germplasm Storage; 12 Genetic Transformation for Developing Transgenic Crop Varieties; References; Micropropagation and Somatic Embryogenesis in Sugarcane; 1 Micropropagation: An Introduction; 2 Micropropagation of Sugarcane: Historical Perspective; 2.1 Micropropagation Through Shoot-Tip Culture; 2.2 Micropropagation Through Apical/Axillary Bud Culture; 2.3 Micropropagation Through Spindle Leaf Segment Culture; 2.4 Micropropagation of Sugarcane for Commercial Plant Production

2.4.1 Establishment of Aseptic Cultures of Explants In Vitro (Stage 1)Collection of Tops and Excision of Spindles; Sterilization of Spindles and Preparation of Explants; Inoculation and Incubation of Spindle Leaf Segments; 2.4.2 Shoot Multiplication (Stage 2); 2.4.3 Induction of Roots and Hardening of Plantlets In Vitro (Stage 3); 2.4.4 Transfer of Plantlets to Soil (Stage 4); 2.5 Transplanting of Micropropagated Plants in the Field; 2.6 Production of Commercial Seed; 2.7 Precautions to Be Taken During Micropropagation; 2.8 Scenario of Sugarcane Micropropagation

2.9 Significance of Micropropagation2.10 Problems Associated with Micropropagation; 3 Somatic Embryogenesis; 3.1 Regulation of Somatic Embryogenesis; 3.2 Effect of Source of Explant on Somatic Embryogenesis; 3.3 Evidence for Somatic Embryogenesis and Proteins Produced from Callus; 3.4 Somatic Embryogenesis from Cell Suspension Cultures; 3.5 Somatic Embryogenesis and Cryopreservation; 3.6 Somatic Embryogenesis and Synthetic Seeds; 3.7 Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration; References; Production of Superelite Planting Material Through In Vitro Culturing in Banana; 1 Introduction