Financing for low-carbon energy transition : unlocking the potential of private capital / Venkatachalam Anbumozhi, Kaliappa Kalirajan, Fukunari Kimura, editors.

Intro; Foreword; Contents; 1 Unlocking the Potentials of Private Financing for Accelerated Low-Carbon Energy Transition: An Overview; Abstract; 1 Financing Needs for Low-Carbon Energy Transition in Asia; 2 The Dynamics of Low-Carbon Financing in Asia; 3 Role of Asian Banks and Bonds in Low-Carbon Transition; 4 Limitations to Scaling Up Private Finance; 5 Mapping the Risks and Solutions; 6 Purpose and Scope of the Book; References; Estimating Private Finance in the Current Investment Needs and Potentials

2 Estimation of Currents Flows and Future Needs of Investment for Low-Carbon Transition in Major Economies of Asia Until 2030Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Method; 3 Current Flows of Investment in Low-Carbon Energy Systems; 4 Future Flows of Investment in Low-Carbon Energy Systems; 5 Results and Analysis; 5.1 Current Flows of Investment in Low-Carbon Energy Systems; 5.2 Future Flows of Investment in Low-Carbon Energy Systems; 5.3 Region-Level Trends; 5.4 Country-Level Trends; 6 Conclusions; References; 3 Private Financing in Low-Carbon Energy Transition: Imbalances and Determinants; Abstract

1 The Context2 Imbalances in Private Investment in Clean Energy; 3 Determinants of Renewable Energy Private Investment: Theoretical Framework; 4 Determinants of RE Private Investment: Empirical Model and Data; 4.1 Empirical Modelling; 4.2 Data; 5 Econometric Approach and Estimation Results; 6 Conclusions and Policy Suggestions; Appendix; References; Mapping the Multiple Risks of Private Finance in Low-Carbon Sectors; 4 Mapping the Necessary Policy Instruments to Unlock the Potentials of Private Finance for a Modern Renewable Energy Sector; Abstract; 1 Introduction

2 Global Developments in Renewable Energy Investments3 Funding Sources for Renewable Energy Projects; 3.1 Public Financial Instruments; 3.2 Commercial Finance; 4 Financing Barriers for Renewable Energy Projects; 4.1 Lack of Long-Term Financing; 4.1.1 Lack of Project Financing; 4.1.2 High and Uncertain Project Development Costs; 4.1.3 Lack of Equity Finance; 4.1.4 Small Scale of Projects; 4.2 Risks of Renewable Energy Projects; 4.3 Approaches and Instruments Used to Mitigate Risks and Mobilize Private Capital; 5 Financing Renewable Energy Investments: The Case of Germany; 5.1 Background

5.2 Creating a Market for Renewable Energy5.3 Reforming the High-Cost Approach; 5.4 Financing Renewable Investments from Public and Private Sources; 5.5 Lessons from the German Case; 6 Financing Renewable Energy Investments: The Case of Indonesia; 6.1 Background; 6.2 Financial Barriers to Investments in Renewable Energy; 6.3 Non-financial Barriers to Investments in Renewable Energy; 6.4 Outlook for Indonesia; 7 Policy Conclusions; 7.1 Stable Policy Framework; 7.2 Key Role of Domestic Financial Sector; 7.3 Standardization of Projects; References