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Table of Contents
Acknowledgements; Contents; Acronyms; 1 Introduction; 2 Fundamentals; 2.1 Research Scenario; 2.2 Human Speech; 2.2.1 Production; 2.2.2 Transmission; 2.2.3 Perception; 2.3 Quality of Transmitted Speech; 2.3.1 Definition of Perceived Quality; 2.3.2 Quality Features and Quality Elements; 2.3.3 Perceptual Quality Space and the Concept of Diagnosing Speech Quality; 2.3.4 Assessment Methods; 2.4 Conclusion; 3 Speech Quality in a Telephone Conversation; 3.1 Phases of a Conversation; 3.2 Quality Elements; 3.2.1 User Terminal; 3.2.2 Sidetone; 3.2.3 Analog to Digital Converter; 3.2.4 Gain Control.
3.2.5 Voice Activity Detection3.2.6 Noise; 3.2.7 Echo; 3.2.8 Speech Codec; 3.2.9 Packet-Loss; 3.2.10 Delay; 3.3 The Listening Phase; 3.3.1 Perceptual Quality Space; 3.3.2 Subjective Methods; 3.3.3 Instrumental Methods; 3.4 The Speaking Phase; 3.4.1 Perceptual Quality Space; 3.4.2 Subjective Methods; 3.4.3 Instrumental Methods; 3.5 The Interaction Phase; 3.5.1 Perceptual Quality Space; 3.5.2 Subjective Methods; 3.5.3 Instrumental Methods; 3.5.4 Conversational Parameters; 3.6 Conclusion and Research Topics Covered in This Book; 4 Perceptual Quality Space in a Telephone Conversation.
4.1 Introduction4.2 Experimental Paradigms to Analyze the Perceptual Quality Space; 4.2.1 Multidimensional Scaling; 4.2.2 Semantic Differential; 4.3 Uncovering the Perceptual Quality Space in the Speaking Phase; 4.3.1 Technical Setup; 4.3.2 Test Design; 4.3.3 SD Experiment; 4.3.4 Results; 4.3.5 MDS Experiment; 4.3.6 Results; 4.3.7 Discussion; 4.4 Uncovering the Perceptual Quality Space in the Interaction Phase; 4.4.1 Technical Setup; 4.4.2 Test Design; 4.4.3 SD Experiment; 4.4.4 Results; 4.4.5 MDS Experiment; 4.4.6 Results; 4.4.7 Discussion; 4.5 Conclusion.
5 Direct Scaling of Perceptual Dimensions in a Conversational Situation5.1 Introduction and Scope; 5.2 Rating Scales; 5.3 Test Procedure; 5.3.1 General; 5.3.2 Dimension Rating Scheme; 5.3.3 Reference Conditions; 5.3.4 Test Duration; 5.4 Setup; 5.4.1 Test Rooms and Test Subjects; 5.4.2 Introduction and Training; 5.5 Conclusion; 6 Conversational Validation Experiments; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Validation of the Perceptual Quality Space; 6.2.1 Test Design; 6.2.2 Results; 6.2.3 Discussion; 6.3 Validation of the Direct Scaling Test Method; 6.3.1 Test Design; 6.3.2 Results.
6.3.3 Discussion and Conclusion6.4 Comparison of the Two Validation Experiments; 6.5 Conclusion; 7 Resulting Quality Profile in a Telephone Conversation; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Relation Between the Dimension Scores and the Overall Conversational Quality; 7.3 Relation Between the Dimension Scores and the Quality of Individual Phases; 7.4 Relation Between the Overall Conversational Quality and the Quality of Individual Phases; 7.5 Conclusion; 8 Instrumental Diagnostic Conversational Quality Modeling; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 General Approach.
3.2.5 Voice Activity Detection3.2.6 Noise; 3.2.7 Echo; 3.2.8 Speech Codec; 3.2.9 Packet-Loss; 3.2.10 Delay; 3.3 The Listening Phase; 3.3.1 Perceptual Quality Space; 3.3.2 Subjective Methods; 3.3.3 Instrumental Methods; 3.4 The Speaking Phase; 3.4.1 Perceptual Quality Space; 3.4.2 Subjective Methods; 3.4.3 Instrumental Methods; 3.5 The Interaction Phase; 3.5.1 Perceptual Quality Space; 3.5.2 Subjective Methods; 3.5.3 Instrumental Methods; 3.5.4 Conversational Parameters; 3.6 Conclusion and Research Topics Covered in This Book; 4 Perceptual Quality Space in a Telephone Conversation.
4.1 Introduction4.2 Experimental Paradigms to Analyze the Perceptual Quality Space; 4.2.1 Multidimensional Scaling; 4.2.2 Semantic Differential; 4.3 Uncovering the Perceptual Quality Space in the Speaking Phase; 4.3.1 Technical Setup; 4.3.2 Test Design; 4.3.3 SD Experiment; 4.3.4 Results; 4.3.5 MDS Experiment; 4.3.6 Results; 4.3.7 Discussion; 4.4 Uncovering the Perceptual Quality Space in the Interaction Phase; 4.4.1 Technical Setup; 4.4.2 Test Design; 4.4.3 SD Experiment; 4.4.4 Results; 4.4.5 MDS Experiment; 4.4.6 Results; 4.4.7 Discussion; 4.5 Conclusion.
5 Direct Scaling of Perceptual Dimensions in a Conversational Situation5.1 Introduction and Scope; 5.2 Rating Scales; 5.3 Test Procedure; 5.3.1 General; 5.3.2 Dimension Rating Scheme; 5.3.3 Reference Conditions; 5.3.4 Test Duration; 5.4 Setup; 5.4.1 Test Rooms and Test Subjects; 5.4.2 Introduction and Training; 5.5 Conclusion; 6 Conversational Validation Experiments; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Validation of the Perceptual Quality Space; 6.2.1 Test Design; 6.2.2 Results; 6.2.3 Discussion; 6.3 Validation of the Direct Scaling Test Method; 6.3.1 Test Design; 6.3.2 Results.
6.3.3 Discussion and Conclusion6.4 Comparison of the Two Validation Experiments; 6.5 Conclusion; 7 Resulting Quality Profile in a Telephone Conversation; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Relation Between the Dimension Scores and the Overall Conversational Quality; 7.3 Relation Between the Dimension Scores and the Quality of Individual Phases; 7.4 Relation Between the Overall Conversational Quality and the Quality of Individual Phases; 7.5 Conclusion; 8 Instrumental Diagnostic Conversational Quality Modeling; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 General Approach.