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Table of Contents
Intro; Preface; Contents; Contributors; About the Editor; Chapter 1: General Description of Cotton; References; Chapter 2: Cotton Fiber Structure; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Structure of the Secondary Wall; 2.2.1 Diffraction; 2.2.2 Cellulose Crystal Structure; 2.3 Cotton Structure; 2.3.1 Interpretation of Diffraction Patterns; 2.3.1.1 Electron Diffraction of Secondary Wall Fragment; 2.3.1.2 Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction of Single Fibers; 2.3.1.3 Synchrotron Study of Cotton Fiber Bundle; 2.4 Rietveld Method of Crystallinity Analysis; 2.4.1 Problems with Current Methods.
2.4.2 Sample Analysis of TM-1 Upland Cotton2.5 Summary; References; Chapter 3: Physical Properties of Cotton Fiber and Their Measurement; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Length; 3.2.1 Array Method; 3.2.2 Almeter; 3.2.3 Standardized Instruments for Testing of Cotton (SITC); 3.2.4 Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS); 3.3 Strength; 3.3.1 Single-Fiber Tensile Testing; 3.3.2 Flat Bundle Fiber Tensile Testing; 3.3.3 Tapered Bundle Fiber Tensile Testing; 3.4 Micronaire; 3.4.1 Micronaire Measurements; 3.5 Fineness and Maturity; 3.5.1 Cross-Sectional Image Analysis; 3.5.2 AFIS; 3.5.3 HVI; 3.5.4 Cottonscope.
3.5.5 Maturity Measurements3.5.5.1 Polarized Light Method; 3.5.5.2 Differential Dyeing; 3.5.5.3 Infrared (near Infrared (NIR) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)); 3.5.6 Other Fineness Measurements; 3.5.6.1 Gravimetric Fineness; 3.5.6.2 Vibroscope; 3.6 Color; 3.6.1 Color Grades; 3.6.2 Reflectance (Rd) and Yellowness (+b); 3.7 Neps; 3.8 Fiber Cohesion; 3.8.1 Static Cohesion; 3.8.2 Dynamic Cohesion; 3.8.3 Energy Consumption; 3.9 Summary; References; Chapter 4: Chemical Composition and Characterization of Cotton Fibers; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Physical Characterization of Cotton Fibers.
4.3 Direct and Nondestructive Analysis of Cellulosic and Noncellulosic Components4.4 Determination and Characterization of Cotton Fiber Cellulose; 4.4.1 Chemical Analysis of Fiber Cellulose Formation; 4.4.2 ATR FT-IR Characterization of Fiber Cellulose Formation; 4.4.3 ATR FT-IR Determination of Cotton Fiber Cellulose Maturity; 4.4.4 Assessing the Cotton Fiber Cellulose Crystallinity; 4.4.5 Relating Cotton Fiber Strength with Crystallinity; 4.4.6 Chemical Imaging Characterization of Cotton Fiber Cellulose; 4.4.7 Estimating Mesoscale Packing of Cellulose Microfibrils.
4.5 Determination of Cotton Fiber Noncellulosic Components and Their Implications4.5.1 Wax; 4.5.2 Sugars; 4.5.3 Pectins and Hemicelluloses; 4.5.4 Proteins; 4.5.5 Inorganics; 4.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 5: Chemical Properties of Cotton Fiber and Chemical Modification; 5.1 Chemical Properties; 5.2 Cotton Fabric Preparation; 5.3 Water/Oil Repellency and Self-Cleaning; 5.3.1 Plasma Modification; 5.3.2 Molecular Vapor Modification; 5.4 Antimicrobial Properties; 5.4.1 Sol-Gel Process; 5.4.2 Cyclodextrin Modification; 5.5 UV Protection; 5.6 Wrinkle Recovery.
2.4.2 Sample Analysis of TM-1 Upland Cotton2.5 Summary; References; Chapter 3: Physical Properties of Cotton Fiber and Their Measurement; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Length; 3.2.1 Array Method; 3.2.2 Almeter; 3.2.3 Standardized Instruments for Testing of Cotton (SITC); 3.2.4 Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS); 3.3 Strength; 3.3.1 Single-Fiber Tensile Testing; 3.3.2 Flat Bundle Fiber Tensile Testing; 3.3.3 Tapered Bundle Fiber Tensile Testing; 3.4 Micronaire; 3.4.1 Micronaire Measurements; 3.5 Fineness and Maturity; 3.5.1 Cross-Sectional Image Analysis; 3.5.2 AFIS; 3.5.3 HVI; 3.5.4 Cottonscope.
3.5.5 Maturity Measurements3.5.5.1 Polarized Light Method; 3.5.5.2 Differential Dyeing; 3.5.5.3 Infrared (near Infrared (NIR) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)); 3.5.6 Other Fineness Measurements; 3.5.6.1 Gravimetric Fineness; 3.5.6.2 Vibroscope; 3.6 Color; 3.6.1 Color Grades; 3.6.2 Reflectance (Rd) and Yellowness (+b); 3.7 Neps; 3.8 Fiber Cohesion; 3.8.1 Static Cohesion; 3.8.2 Dynamic Cohesion; 3.8.3 Energy Consumption; 3.9 Summary; References; Chapter 4: Chemical Composition and Characterization of Cotton Fibers; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Physical Characterization of Cotton Fibers.
4.3 Direct and Nondestructive Analysis of Cellulosic and Noncellulosic Components4.4 Determination and Characterization of Cotton Fiber Cellulose; 4.4.1 Chemical Analysis of Fiber Cellulose Formation; 4.4.2 ATR FT-IR Characterization of Fiber Cellulose Formation; 4.4.3 ATR FT-IR Determination of Cotton Fiber Cellulose Maturity; 4.4.4 Assessing the Cotton Fiber Cellulose Crystallinity; 4.4.5 Relating Cotton Fiber Strength with Crystallinity; 4.4.6 Chemical Imaging Characterization of Cotton Fiber Cellulose; 4.4.7 Estimating Mesoscale Packing of Cellulose Microfibrils.
4.5 Determination of Cotton Fiber Noncellulosic Components and Their Implications4.5.1 Wax; 4.5.2 Sugars; 4.5.3 Pectins and Hemicelluloses; 4.5.4 Proteins; 4.5.5 Inorganics; 4.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 5: Chemical Properties of Cotton Fiber and Chemical Modification; 5.1 Chemical Properties; 5.2 Cotton Fabric Preparation; 5.3 Water/Oil Repellency and Self-Cleaning; 5.3.1 Plasma Modification; 5.3.2 Molecular Vapor Modification; 5.4 Antimicrobial Properties; 5.4.1 Sol-Gel Process; 5.4.2 Cyclodextrin Modification; 5.5 UV Protection; 5.6 Wrinkle Recovery.