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Intro; Preface; Contents; About the Editors; 1: An Update Towards the Production of Plant Secondary Metabolites; 1.1 Introductions and History; 1.1.1 Terpenoids; 1.1.2 Alkaloids; 1.1.3 Phenylpropanoid Pathway; 1.1.4 Flavonoids; 1.1.5 Biosynthetic Pathway of Flavonoids; 1.2 SM Production; 1.2.1 Plant Cell and Organ Culture; 1.2.2 SM Production via Organ Culture; 1.2.3 SM Production via Elicitation; 1.2.4 Metabolic Engineering; 1.2.5 Metabolic Engineering in Heterologous Systems; 1.2.5.1 E. coli as a Heterologous Host; Artemisinin Production; Reticuline Production
Paclitaxel (Taxol) Production1.2.5.2 S. cerevisiae as Heterologous Host; Strictosidine; Alkaloids; Phenylpropanoids; 1.2.5.3 Nicotiana benthamiana as Heterologous Host; 1.2.5.4 Metabolic Engineering in Native Hosts; 1.2.5.5 Locational Engineering of SM; 1.2.5.6 Unnatural Plant SM; 1.2.5.7 Enzyme Swapping; 1.2.5.8 Role of CRISPR/Cas9 in SM Biosynthesis; References; 2: Flavonoid Secondary Metabolite: Biosynthesis and Role in Growth and Development in Plants; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway; 2.3 Role of Flavonoids in Plants
2.3.1 Functions at Cellular Level in Plants2.3.2 Role in Protection Against Environmental Constraints; 2.3.3 As Communicator to Interact with Other Organisms; 2.3.4 As Mediators in Reproduction; 2.3.5 Role in Fruit Growth and Maturation Process; 2.3.6 Role in Senescence Process; 2.4 Metabolic Engineering of Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway; References; 3: Current Approaches and Key Applications of Plant Metabolic Engineering; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Descriptive Approaches for Plant Metabolic Engineering; 3.2.1 Engineering at Transcriptome and Translatome Level
3.2.2 Engineering at Proteome Level3.2.3 System Metabolic Engineering; 3.3 Key Applications of Plant Metabolic Engineering:; References; 4: Recent Highlights of RNA Sequencing Approaches for In-Depth Understanding of Plant Metabolic Engineering; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Biosynthesis of Isoprenoids; 4.3 Biosynthesis of Phenolic Compounds; 4.4 Biosynthesis of Alkaloids; 4.5 Significance of RNA Sequencing in Plant Metabolic Engineering; 4.5.1 Identification of Candidate Genes Involved in Biosynthesis of Plant Secondary Metabolites
4.5.2 Identification of Transcription Factors Regulating Biosynthesis of Specific Compounds4.5.3 Identification of Splice Variants Involved in Important Plant Processes; 4.6 Conclusions; References; 5: Recent Advances in Plant Metabolites Analysis, Isolation, and Characterization; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Extraction of Plant Metabolites; 5.2.1 Hydro-Distillation Method; 5.2.2 Soaking Method; 5.2.3 Soxhlet Extraction; 5.2.4 Accelerated Solvent Extraction; 5.2.5 Supercritical Fluid Extraction; 5.2.6 Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction; 5.2.7 Microwave-Assisted Extraction
Paclitaxel (Taxol) Production1.2.5.2 S. cerevisiae as Heterologous Host; Strictosidine; Alkaloids; Phenylpropanoids; 1.2.5.3 Nicotiana benthamiana as Heterologous Host; 1.2.5.4 Metabolic Engineering in Native Hosts; 1.2.5.5 Locational Engineering of SM; 1.2.5.6 Unnatural Plant SM; 1.2.5.7 Enzyme Swapping; 1.2.5.8 Role of CRISPR/Cas9 in SM Biosynthesis; References; 2: Flavonoid Secondary Metabolite: Biosynthesis and Role in Growth and Development in Plants; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway; 2.3 Role of Flavonoids in Plants
2.3.1 Functions at Cellular Level in Plants2.3.2 Role in Protection Against Environmental Constraints; 2.3.3 As Communicator to Interact with Other Organisms; 2.3.4 As Mediators in Reproduction; 2.3.5 Role in Fruit Growth and Maturation Process; 2.3.6 Role in Senescence Process; 2.4 Metabolic Engineering of Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway; References; 3: Current Approaches and Key Applications of Plant Metabolic Engineering; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Descriptive Approaches for Plant Metabolic Engineering; 3.2.1 Engineering at Transcriptome and Translatome Level
3.2.2 Engineering at Proteome Level3.2.3 System Metabolic Engineering; 3.3 Key Applications of Plant Metabolic Engineering:; References; 4: Recent Highlights of RNA Sequencing Approaches for In-Depth Understanding of Plant Metabolic Engineering; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Biosynthesis of Isoprenoids; 4.3 Biosynthesis of Phenolic Compounds; 4.4 Biosynthesis of Alkaloids; 4.5 Significance of RNA Sequencing in Plant Metabolic Engineering; 4.5.1 Identification of Candidate Genes Involved in Biosynthesis of Plant Secondary Metabolites
4.5.2 Identification of Transcription Factors Regulating Biosynthesis of Specific Compounds4.5.3 Identification of Splice Variants Involved in Important Plant Processes; 4.6 Conclusions; References; 5: Recent Advances in Plant Metabolites Analysis, Isolation, and Characterization; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Extraction of Plant Metabolites; 5.2.1 Hydro-Distillation Method; 5.2.2 Soaking Method; 5.2.3 Soxhlet Extraction; 5.2.4 Accelerated Solvent Extraction; 5.2.5 Supercritical Fluid Extraction; 5.2.6 Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction; 5.2.7 Microwave-Assisted Extraction