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Table of Contents
Intro; Preface and Acknowledgements; Contents; Abbreviations; List of Figures; Chapter 1 Introduction; 1.1 The Foreign Policy Decision-Making Structures of Japan and Italy; 1.2 The Prehistory of the Axis Formation; 1.3 A Brief Overview of Chapters; Chapter 2 The Ideological Backgrounds of Axis Foreign Policies; 2.1 Fascism as a Point of Reference; 2.2 Racism as a Hierarchical Prejudice; 2.3 Anti-communism as a Common Adhesive; 2.3.1 Criticizing the League of Nations; 2.3.2 Justifying Military Intervention; 2.3.3 Aligning Against Communism.
Chapter 3 Coordinators: The Two Prime and Foreign Ministers, Koki Hirota and Benito Mussolini3.1 Features of Public Utterances; 3.2 The Basic Attitude Toward Naval Disarmament and the League of Nations; 3.2.1 The Japanese Complacent Repudiation of Naval Treaties; 3.2.2 Italian Ambiguous Diplomacy Toward the League; 3.3 The Coordination Mechanism in Decision-Making Processes; 3.3.1 Hirota's Passive Attitude of Unlimited Magnanimity; 3.3.2 Mussolini's Active Judgment of Phased Strategy; Chapter 4 Planners: The Two Undersecretaries, Mamoru Shigemitsu and Fulvio Suvich.
4.1 Financial Problems as a Tool of Foreign Policy4.2 The Search for Regional Hegemony; 4.2.1 Shigemitsu's Plan to Tame Chinese Nationalism; 4.2.2 Suvich's Plan for Pro-fascist Austria; 4.3 Axis Interference and British Non-commitment Policy; 4.3.1 Partial Success in 1934 and the Exit of Shigemitsu; 4.3.2 Suvich's Stalemate Over the Crises of Austria and Ethiopia; Chapter 5 Negotiators: The Two Ambassadors to Britain, Shigeru Yoshida and Dino Grandi; 5.1 The Degradation of Being Ambassadors in London; 5.1.1 Emerging Political Diplomats; 5.1.2 The Double-Dealing of the Anglophiles.
5.2 Disobedient Imperialists5.2.1 Anti-communist Stances; 5.2.2 Extraordinary Negotiations; 5.3 Two Pendulum Theories; Chapter 6 Traditional Diplomats and New Actors; 6.1 Followers and Promoters: Yakichiro Suma and Raffaele Guariglia; 6.2 Powerless Critics: Naotake Sato and Giuseppe Bastianini; 6.3 New Key Actors: Fumimaro Konoe and Galeazzo Ciano; Chapter 7 The East Asian Crisis and Globalization of the Axis; 7.1 The Brussels Nine Power Treaty Conference; 7.2 Conclusion of the Tripartite Anti-Comintern Pact; 7.2.1 Italy's Ideological Inclination; 7.2.2 Japan's Ambiguous Realism.
7.2.3 Germany's Internal Turmoil7.3 The Italian Recognition of Manchukuo; 7.4 The German Mediation of the Sino-Japanese War; 7.5 The Italian Withdrawal from the League of Nations; Chapter 8 Conclusion; Select Bibliography; Index.
Chapter 3 Coordinators: The Two Prime and Foreign Ministers, Koki Hirota and Benito Mussolini3.1 Features of Public Utterances; 3.2 The Basic Attitude Toward Naval Disarmament and the League of Nations; 3.2.1 The Japanese Complacent Repudiation of Naval Treaties; 3.2.2 Italian Ambiguous Diplomacy Toward the League; 3.3 The Coordination Mechanism in Decision-Making Processes; 3.3.1 Hirota's Passive Attitude of Unlimited Magnanimity; 3.3.2 Mussolini's Active Judgment of Phased Strategy; Chapter 4 Planners: The Two Undersecretaries, Mamoru Shigemitsu and Fulvio Suvich.
4.1 Financial Problems as a Tool of Foreign Policy4.2 The Search for Regional Hegemony; 4.2.1 Shigemitsu's Plan to Tame Chinese Nationalism; 4.2.2 Suvich's Plan for Pro-fascist Austria; 4.3 Axis Interference and British Non-commitment Policy; 4.3.1 Partial Success in 1934 and the Exit of Shigemitsu; 4.3.2 Suvich's Stalemate Over the Crises of Austria and Ethiopia; Chapter 5 Negotiators: The Two Ambassadors to Britain, Shigeru Yoshida and Dino Grandi; 5.1 The Degradation of Being Ambassadors in London; 5.1.1 Emerging Political Diplomats; 5.1.2 The Double-Dealing of the Anglophiles.
5.2 Disobedient Imperialists5.2.1 Anti-communist Stances; 5.2.2 Extraordinary Negotiations; 5.3 Two Pendulum Theories; Chapter 6 Traditional Diplomats and New Actors; 6.1 Followers and Promoters: Yakichiro Suma and Raffaele Guariglia; 6.2 Powerless Critics: Naotake Sato and Giuseppe Bastianini; 6.3 New Key Actors: Fumimaro Konoe and Galeazzo Ciano; Chapter 7 The East Asian Crisis and Globalization of the Axis; 7.1 The Brussels Nine Power Treaty Conference; 7.2 Conclusion of the Tripartite Anti-Comintern Pact; 7.2.1 Italy's Ideological Inclination; 7.2.2 Japan's Ambiguous Realism.
7.2.3 Germany's Internal Turmoil7.3 The Italian Recognition of Manchukuo; 7.4 The German Mediation of the Sino-Japanese War; 7.5 The Italian Withdrawal from the League of Nations; Chapter 8 Conclusion; Select Bibliography; Index.