Intro; Preface; Contents; List of Contributors; Part I: Introduction; Chapter 1: Human Population Increase and Changes in Production and Usage of Trace Elements in the Twentieth Century and First ...; 1 Population Growth in the Twentieth Century; 2 Main Reasons for, and Natural Consequences of Overpopulation; 3 Changes in Production and Usage of Trace Elements; References; Chapter 2: Endothermic Animals as Biomonitors of Terrestrial Environments; 1 Introduction; 2 Trace Elements; 3 Terrestrial Endothermic Vertebrates as Biomonitors; 3.1 Mammals as Biomonitors; 3.2 Birds as Biomonitors

3.3 Tissues of Terrestrial Vertebrates Used in Biomonitoring4 Conclusions; References; Part II: Selected Trace Elements; Chapter 3: Chromium, Cr; 1 Introduction; 2 General Properties; 3 Chromium Minerals, Production, and Uses; 4 Chromium in Nature; 5 Biological Status of Chromium; 6 Toxicity of Various Chromium Forms in Homeothermic Animals; 7 Toxicokinetics and Effects of Chromium in Wildlife; 8 Bioaccumulation of Chromium; 9 Ecological Effects of Chromium; 10 Bioindicators and Biomarkers of Chromium in Ecotoxicological Studies; 11 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Copper, Cu

1 Introduction2 General Properties; 3 Copper Minerals, Production, and Uses; 4 Copper in Nature (Soil, Water, and Air); 4.1 Geogenic and Anthropogenic Sources of Copper; 5 Copper in Living Organisms; 5.1 Plants; 5.2 Biological Effects, Metabolism, and Toxicity of Cu in Homeothermic Animals; 5.3 Copper in Biological Samples from Birds and Mammals; 5.3.1 Bioaccumulation of Copper in Avian Liver, Kidney, and Muscle; 5.3.2 Relationship Between Cu Levels and Age and Sex of Terrestrial Birds; 5.4 Bioaccumulation of Copper in Mammalian Liver, Kidney, and Muscle Tissues

5.4.1 Piscivorous Mammals (Fish-Eating Mammals)5.4.2 Carnivores and Omnivores (Mustelidae); 5.4.3 Omnivorous Mammals (Raccoon and Wild Boar); 5.4.4 Herbivorous Mammals; 5.4.5 Copper Levels in Relation to Age and Sex of Mammals; 6 Biomarkers of Cu in Ecotoxicological Studies; 7 Conclusions; References; Chapter 5: Iodine, I; 1 Introduction; 2 General Properties; 3 Iodine Minerals, Production, and Uses; 4 Iodine in Nature: Geogenic and Anthropogenic Sources (Global Iodine Budgets); 5 Biological Status of Iodine; 5.1 Toxicity of Various Iodine Forms in Homoeothermic Animals

5.2 Toxicokinetics and Effects of Iodine5.3 Bioaccumulation of Iodine; 5.4 Ecological Effects of Iodine; 5.5 Bioindicators and Biomarkers of Iodine in Ecotoxicological Studies; 6 Conclusions; References; Chapter 6: Iron, Fe; 1 Introduction; 2 General Properties; 3 Ferrous Minerals and the Production and Uses of Iron; 4 Iron in Nature; 5 Biological Functions of Iron; 5.1 Iron Storage Disease (ISD); 6 Iron Bioaccumulation in Mammals and Birds; 6.1 Iron Concentration in Mammals; 6.1.1 Bioaccumulation of Fe in Herbivorous Mammals; 6.1.2 Bioaccumulation of Fe in Omnivorous Mammals