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Intro; Foreword; Preface; Reviewers; Contents; Abbreviations; Symbols; 1 Introduction; References; 2 The Heavy Ion Beam Probe Diagnostic and Applications; 2.1 The Heavy Ion Beam Probe Diagnostic; 2.1.1 General; 2.1.2 HIBP Operating Principle; 2.1.3 Fluctuation Measurements with the HIBP; 2.1.4 HIBP Hardware and Technology; 2.2 The HIBP Diagnostic System in T-10; 2.2.1 Energy Range and Beam Current; 2.2.2 Profiles Measurements and Verification of Trajectories; 2.2.3 Toroidal Displacement of the Probing Beam; 2.3 The HIBP Diagnostic in TJ-II; 2.3.1 Energy Range and Beam Current
2.3.2 Obtaining of Profiles and Verification of Trajectories2.3.3 Double Detector Line and Measurement of Particle Turbulent Flux and Plasma Rotation; References; 3 Radial Profiles of the Plasma Potential in Ohmic and L-Mode Plasmas; 3.1 Ohmically Heated Plasmas in TM-4; 3.1.1 Experimental Setup and Main Diagnostics on TM-4; 3.1.2 Experimental Results Obtained on TM-4; 3.1.3 Summary of Results in TM-4 for Plasma Potential and Confinement; 3.2 Ohmic and ECR Heated Plasmas in T-10; 3.2.1 Experimental Setup and Main Diagnostics on T-10; 3.2.2 Low-Density and Low Magnetic Field Plasmas
3.2.3 Ohmic and ECR Heated Plasmas at Medium-Density and Medium Magnetic Field3.2.4 Plasmas at High Magnetic Field; 3.2.5 Density Dependence of the Plasma Potential; 3.2.6 Velocities of E × B Drift and Plasma Turbulence Poloidal Rotation; 3.2.7 Conclusions from the T-10 Experiments on the Link Between Plasma Potential and Energy Confinement; 3.3 ECR and NBI Heating in TJ-II; 3.3.1 Experimental Setup and Main Diagnostics; 3.3.2 ECR Heated Plasmas; 3.3.3 Plasma Potential Behavior in Experiments with ECRH Power Modulation; 3.3.4 ECRH Experiments with Varying Magnetic Configurations
3.3.5 ECR and NBI Heated Plasmas3.3.6 Comparison of Plasmas with Combined NBI and On- and Off-Axis ECR Heating; 3.3.7 Sensitivity of Potential Profiles to the ECRH Power Deposition; 3.3.8 Plasmas with Li-Coated Walls; 3.3.9 Velocities of E × B Drift and Plasma Turbulence Poloidal Rotation Measured by HIBP; 3.3.10 Conclusions from the TJ-II Experiments Concerning the Link Between the Plasma Potential, Collisionality and Energy Confinement; 3.4 Modelling of the Plasma Potential; 3.4.1 Determination of the Electric Field from the Radial Force Balance
3.4.2 Simulation of the Radial Electric Field in Stellarators3.4.3 Simulation of the Radial Electric Field in T-10; 3.4.4 Behavior of the Plasma Potential in Stellarators and Tokamaks; 3.5 Common Properties of the Plasma Potential Between Tokamaks and Stellarators; References; 4 Characterization of the Quasicoherent Oscillations in the Plasma Potential; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Detection and Investigation of Geodesic Acoustic Modes in T-10; 4.2.1 T-10 Experimental Setup; 4.2.2 Observation of Plasma Potential Oscillations Induced by Geodesic Acoustic Modes
2.3.2 Obtaining of Profiles and Verification of Trajectories2.3.3 Double Detector Line and Measurement of Particle Turbulent Flux and Plasma Rotation; References; 3 Radial Profiles of the Plasma Potential in Ohmic and L-Mode Plasmas; 3.1 Ohmically Heated Plasmas in TM-4; 3.1.1 Experimental Setup and Main Diagnostics on TM-4; 3.1.2 Experimental Results Obtained on TM-4; 3.1.3 Summary of Results in TM-4 for Plasma Potential and Confinement; 3.2 Ohmic and ECR Heated Plasmas in T-10; 3.2.1 Experimental Setup and Main Diagnostics on T-10; 3.2.2 Low-Density and Low Magnetic Field Plasmas
3.2.3 Ohmic and ECR Heated Plasmas at Medium-Density and Medium Magnetic Field3.2.4 Plasmas at High Magnetic Field; 3.2.5 Density Dependence of the Plasma Potential; 3.2.6 Velocities of E × B Drift and Plasma Turbulence Poloidal Rotation; 3.2.7 Conclusions from the T-10 Experiments on the Link Between Plasma Potential and Energy Confinement; 3.3 ECR and NBI Heating in TJ-II; 3.3.1 Experimental Setup and Main Diagnostics; 3.3.2 ECR Heated Plasmas; 3.3.3 Plasma Potential Behavior in Experiments with ECRH Power Modulation; 3.3.4 ECRH Experiments with Varying Magnetic Configurations
3.3.5 ECR and NBI Heated Plasmas3.3.6 Comparison of Plasmas with Combined NBI and On- and Off-Axis ECR Heating; 3.3.7 Sensitivity of Potential Profiles to the ECRH Power Deposition; 3.3.8 Plasmas with Li-Coated Walls; 3.3.9 Velocities of E × B Drift and Plasma Turbulence Poloidal Rotation Measured by HIBP; 3.3.10 Conclusions from the TJ-II Experiments Concerning the Link Between the Plasma Potential, Collisionality and Energy Confinement; 3.4 Modelling of the Plasma Potential; 3.4.1 Determination of the Electric Field from the Radial Force Balance
3.4.2 Simulation of the Radial Electric Field in Stellarators3.4.3 Simulation of the Radial Electric Field in T-10; 3.4.4 Behavior of the Plasma Potential in Stellarators and Tokamaks; 3.5 Common Properties of the Plasma Potential Between Tokamaks and Stellarators; References; 4 Characterization of the Quasicoherent Oscillations in the Plasma Potential; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Detection and Investigation of Geodesic Acoustic Modes in T-10; 4.2.1 T-10 Experimental Setup; 4.2.2 Observation of Plasma Potential Oscillations Induced by Geodesic Acoustic Modes