Intro; Preface; Contents; Contributors; Part I: Principles and Foundations of Surgical Ethics; History and Development of Medical Ethics In the West; Introduction: From Professional Ethics to Bioethics; Emergence of Medical Ethics, But Not Yet Bioethics; The Beginning of Bioethics; Conclusion: The Role of the Bioethicist; Concluding Remarks; Bibliography; Suggested Literature; The History of Surgical Ethics; Introduction; Birth of Modern Ethics; John Gregory (1724-1773); Thomas Percival (1740-1804); Birth of Modern Surgery; Surgical Ethics; Informed Consent; Transplant Surgery

Surgical InnovationSurgical Ethics Today; Conclusion; Concluding Remarks; Glossary; References; Suggested Literature; Surgical Ethics: Theory and Practice Background; What Does It Mean for a Practicing Surgeon to Be "Ethical"?; Where Is "Ethics" in the Complexities of Patient Care?; Why Do Well-Intentioned Individuals Come to Conflicting Judgments About What Should Be Done?; What Are Patients and Their Families Invited to Trust?; When/Why Does Trust Break Down in Patient Care?; When/How Should Patients and Their Families Be Involved in Decision-Making?

Why Is It So Hard to Keep Sense in Care at Life's End?Is Concern for Justice (Ir)Relevant at the Bedside?; "Who Cares...Really?"; Appendix 1; Appendix 2; Appendix 3; Appendix 4; References; Foundations and Principles of Surgical Ethics; Beneficence; Nonmaleficence; Respect for Autonomy; Justice; Concluding Remarks; References; The Ethical Challenges of Surgical Leadership; The Ethical Challenges of Surgical Leadership; Leaders and Followers; The Surgeon as a Leader; The Distinctive Attributes of the Surgical Leader; Ethics; Ethics Is Paramount to Leadership; Ethical Leadership

Teleological AssessmentEthical Egoism; Utilitarianism; Altruism; Deontological Assessment; Virtue-Based Approach; Creating an Ethical Culture; Examining Bad Leadership; The Six Major Challenges of Leadership; Management of Power; Management of Privilege; Management of Information; Consistent Decision-Making; Loyalty; Responsibility; Ethical Decision-Making; Moral Sensitivity; Moral Judgment; Moral Focus; Moral Character; Summary; References; Suggested Reading; What Is Surgical Professionalism?; Paternalism Versus Patient Autonomy; Payment Model; The Rise of Technology in Medicine and Surgery

Commercialization of Health CareAppropriate Limitations to Practice and Responsibility to Keep Up To Date; Fear of Malpractice Litigation; Failure of Systems-Based Practice; Self-Regulation: The Code of Silence; Competition; Conflict of Interest; Solutions; Concluding Remarks; References; Suggested Literature; Ethics in Academic Surgery; Introduction; Human Subjects Research; Historical Development; Ethical Requirements for Clinical Research; Informed Consent; Surgical Innovation; Research Integrity and Publication; Good Research Practices; Authorship; Conflicts of Interest; Mentorship